Causes of violation of vaccination schedule in young children

Abstract

The high frequency of severe and complicated forms of infectious diseases in young children, with the possibility of death, confirms the importance of timely specific protection of this age group. In order to identify the causes of violation of the terms of vaccination of young children, 469 histories of children from 0 to 12 months of life were studied. The analysis showed that only 77% of the observed children in the first year of life were vaccinated according to the immunization schedule, whereas in 23% of cases, violations of the vaccination status were found. In 45% of children, the time of immunization was violated already at the stage of the maternity hospital: only every fifth child was not vaccinated because of health reasons, while 79% of children did not receive prophylactic vaccinations due to the mother’s refusal. Medical abductions prevailed in the structure of violations of vaccination terms in the сhildren’s оutpatient: 39% of children were vaccinated with deviations from the schedule due to temporary contraindications, 22% were vaccinated later than terms due to unreasonable medical leads. In 39% of cases of violation of vaccine status is associated with a misunderstanding of the parents of the risk of infectious diseases and the effectiveness of the child’s protection through immunization. Of these, 22% of children were denied, 10% of children were vaccinated with a significant delay, 7% of children did not reach the сhildren’s оutpatient during the year without an explanation of the reasons. Thus, the analysis showed that the majority of the observed children (57%) did not receive timely protection against infectious diseases due to attitudes towards vaccinations of parents, 43% of children were not vaccinated due to medical abductions.

Immunization and Immunization Coverage According to National Immunization Schedule for Children Population: Cross-Sectional Multi-Centre Study

“…Также следует подчеркнуть достаточно большое количество нарушений в схеме вакцинации и ее несвоевременное проведение. Данный факт отмечается и другими исследователями, что не может не настораживать [27].…”

Pediatricians adherence to immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases: current state of the problem

“…Ивановского исследование в рамках проекта Глобальной госпитальной сети надзора за гриппом (Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network) показало, что из-за отказа родителей от вакцинации имел место крайне низкий уровень охвата вакцинацией (6,9%) среди тех детей с лабораторно подтвержденным гриппом, которые по тяжести состояния нуждались в стационарном лечении [14]. Недостаток знаний у врачей по вопросам иммунопрофилактики создает также предпосылки к увеличению необоснованных медицинских отводов от вакцинации, что приводит в итоге к уменьшению охвата вакцинацией [8, 15,16]. Поскольку снижение уровня охвата вакцинацией может спровоцировать вспышки многих предотвратимых инфекционных болезней, ВОЗ в 2019 г. впервые включила отказ от вакцинации в список десяти глобальных угроз для человечества [17].…”