Causes of highway road dust toxicity to an estuarine amphipod: Evaluating the effects of nicotine

Development and application of a metabolomic tool to assess exposure of an estuarine amphipod to pollutants in the environment

“…6 Similarly, the major toxicants in road dust, a constituent of urban runoff, might consist of various chemicals including heavy metals, 7 hydrophobic compounds, 8 and organic compounds. 9 Two approaches have been proposed to identify the major toxicants in the sediment -toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) 10 and effect directed analysis (EDA). 11 TIE for whole sediments has identified organic compounds as the major toxicants, and differences have been reported between the major toxicants of whole sediments and interstitial water.…”

Sediment Toxicity Testing with the Amphipod <i>Grandidierella Japonica</i> and Effects of Sediment Particle Size Distribution

“…These relatively large growth rates and reproductive outputs make it easier to maintain a laboratory population sufficiently large enough to conduct routine toxicity tests. Consequently, G. japonica has been used in sediment risk assessments, especially in areas where other amphipod species such as A. abdita and M. plumulosa are not found [20][21][22][23].…”

IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIOXIDANT GENES IN THE OSTRACOD <i>Heterocypris incongruens</i> THROUGH DE NOVO TRANSCRIPTOME SEQUENCING

“…Such dilution may sometimes not be achieved in urban areas, as the mass contribution of road dust to urban river sediment was estimated to be 0.8% to 6.8% 38) . Ten-day LC50 of the road dust sample used in this study was 37.9% for an estuarine amphipod Grandidierella japonica 25) , indicating that the six-day ostracod test was more sensitive to the road dust sample than the amphipod test. Time course survival rates of H. incongruens exposed to urban road dust are shown in Fig.…”

“…The hatched ostracods were fed with Spirulina (supplied with Ostracodtoxkit F) 4 h prior to their use in exposure tests. Urban road dust was collected in our previous study 25) (referred to as RD3 in the previous paper) from the road surfaces of highways around Tokyo, Japan by sweeping vehicles in October 2015. The collected sample was dried in air overnight, sieved through 2-mm stainless mesh, freeze dried, and stored at 4 °C until use.…”

“…Second, we conducted exposure tests of urban road dust, as an environmental contaminated sample, to determine the sub-chronic toxicity value. Urban road dust is known to be lethally toxic to benthic organisms 17),18),24), 25) including H. incongruens. Finally, we carried out quantitative PCR (qPCR) experiments in H. incongruens exposed to urban road dust to show an application example of the expression analyses of the identified genes.…”