Causes of death in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Mabuchi, Hiroshi; Miyamoto, Susumu; Ueda, Kosei; Oota, Masayuki; Takegoshi, Tadayoshi; Wakasugi, Takanobu; Takeda, Ryuji

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(86)90107-3

Cited by 88 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, both studies had methodological limitations. The death rate from stroke was not increased by FH in Japanese people 33) . Interestingly, a recent meta-analysis revealed that the risk of cerebrovascular disease in FH populations was reduced after the introduction of statin therapy 34) .…”

Section: Genetic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Characteristics and Vascular Complications of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Korea

Lee

2016

JAT

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Section: Genetic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Characteristics and Vascular Complications of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Korea

Lee

2016

JAT

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“…The diagnosis of FH was based on the criteria we previously reported. 6 The subjects consisted of 79 men and 38 women aged 22-76 years (mean, 53 years). None had undergone any angioplastic or vascular surgeries, such as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), stenting or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), or lipidlowering therapies before this study.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in the Risk Factors for Coronary, Renal and Other Peripheral Arteriosclerosis in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Yagi

Hifumi

Nohara

et al. 2004

Circ J

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therosclerotic lesions in an individual do not progress at a same rate, 1 despite the systemic atherosclerosis risk factors affecting all arteries uniformly. The severity and extent of lesions differ throughout the body 2 and although the topographic distribution of atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits fed a low-level cholesterol diet has been shown, 3 no studies of humans have been conducted to date.Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by accelerated atherosclerotic lesions, and because the prevalence of heterozygous FH is not rare (1 in 500 in general population), 4-6 it provides a good opportunity to examine the variance in the development of peripheral arteriosclerosis.Of the peripheral arteriosclerotic diseases, the clinical significance of renal arteriosclerosis (RAS) has been underestimated despite its clinical importance in progressing to renovascular hypertension (RVHT) and nephrosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of the atherosclerotic lesions in heterozygous FH, including RAS, abdominal aortic sclerosis (AOS) and iliac arteriosclerosis Circulation Journal Vol. 68, July 2004 (IAS) and coronary artery disease (CAD), by performing coronary and abdominal aortic angiography (AAA) and then analyzing in detail the possible contributing factors. Methods SubjectsSubjects were 117 consecutive heterozygous FH patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) in 4 hospitals (Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa Cardiovascular Hospital, Fukui Cardiovascular Hospital, Komatsu Municipal Hospital) from April 1994 to March 1997 (These 4 hospitals are in the Hokuriku district (north central) of Japan, where approximately 3% of the Japanese population resides). The diagnosis of FH was based on the criteria we previously reported. 6 The subjects consisted of 79 men and 38 women aged 22-76 years (mean, 53 years). None had undergone any angioplastic or vascular surgeries, such as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), stenting or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), or lipidlowering therapies before this study. Smokers and habitual alcohol consumers were identified by the information obtained in a patient questionnaire. Subjects who smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day were classified as current smokers. Subjects who habitually consumed more than 1 unit of alcohol (633 ml of beer or 180 ml of wine or 180 ml of sake or 70 ml of hard liquor) every week were classified as current drinkers. Measurement of Achilles tendon thickness was based on the method we previously described.

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“…1 We previously reported that CAD starts to occur after 26 years of age for men, and after 50 years of age for women in Japanese cases of heterozygous FH without effective cholesterol-lowering therapy. 2 Although aortic valve stenosis (AVS), which is also known as an atherosclerotic degenerative disease, has often been reported in homozygous FH, it seems to be rare in heterozygous FH. 3 Many clinical trials in the past decade have shown the efficacy of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) for the primary and secondary prevention of CAD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Marked Aortic Valve Stenosis Progression After Receiving Long-Term Aggressive Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy Using Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis in a Patient With Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Tsuchida

Kawashiri

Tada

et al. 2009

Circ J

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Circ J 2009; 73: 963 -966 amilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is frequently associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD), because of the marked hypercholesterolemia, the most major cause of which is attributed to a lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene mutation. 1 We previously reported that CAD starts to occur after 26 years of age for men, and after 50 years of age for women in Japanese cases of heterozygous FH without effective cholesterol-lowering therapy. 2 Although aortic valve stenosis (AVS), which is also known as an atherosclerotic degenerative disease, has often been reported in homozygous FH, it seems to be rare in heterozygous FH. 3 Many clinical trials in the past decade have shown the efficacy of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) for the primary and secondary prevention of CAD. 4-6 FH is highly resistant to conventional drug therapy and high-dose statin combined with other cholesterol-lowering drugs, such as cholesterol-sequestering resin, is frequently needed. 7 Although 2 prospective studies of the prevention of progression of AVS by aggressive cholesterol-lowering therapy using high-dose statin have been reported, 8,9 the results are conflicting.We report a female heterozygous FH patient with marked progression of AVS requiring surgical replacement, despite her LDL-cholesterol level having been controlled by LDL apheresis combined with drug therapy, and her coronary atherosclerosis and saphenous vein graft (SVG) disease have progressed minimally over 20 years. Case ReportA 49-year-old woman was referred to Kanazawa University Hospital in 1982 for further investigation of her hypercholesterolemia. She had no diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or smoking habit. Her serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels were 489, 174, and 43 mg/dl, respectively. She had xanthelasma palpebrarum and bilateral Achilles tendon xanthomas (13 mm), and her younger brother, younger sister, and her 2 sons also presented with primary hypercholesterolemia. A diagnosis of heterozygous FH was later confirmed by gene analysis of a splice site mutation in the intron 15 (IVS15-3 C>A) of the LDL receptor gene. 10 Coronary angiography showed severe stenosis in the proximal (Received February 18, 2008; revised manuscript received June 4, 2008; accepted June 11, 2008; released online December 16, 2008 In 1982, a 49-year-old Japanese woman had been referred to our hospital for further investigation of her hypercholesterolemia. She was diagnosed as heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, because of Achilles tendon xanthoma and a family history of primary hypercholesterolemia. Three years later, she had chest pain on effort and angina pectoris was diagnosed by coronary angiography. At that time, she underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with 2 saphenous vein grafts (SVG). Because more aggressive cholesterol-lowering therapy was needed for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD), weekly low-density lipop...

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Causes of death in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 88 publications

References 7 publications

Characteristics and Vascular Complications of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Korea

Characteristics and Vascular Complications of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Korea

Difference in the Risk Factors for Coronary, Renal and Other Peripheral Arteriosclerosis in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Marked Aortic Valve Stenosis Progression After Receiving Long-Term Aggressive Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy Using Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis in a Patient With Familial Hypercholesterolemia

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