Causes of death in growing-finishing pigs in two technified farms in southern Brazil

Piva, Manoela Marchezan; Schwertz, Claiton I.; Bianchi, Ronaldo Michel; Kemper, Regina Tose; Henker, Luan Cleber; Nagae, Ricardo Yuiti; Cê, Tais Regina M.; Barcellos, David Emílio Santos Neves de; Driemeier, David; Pavarini, Saulo Petinatti

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6708

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…to necropsy (Piva et al 2020). In our study, the clinical and pathological presentation of this disease agreed with the descriptions in the available literature, with gastric ulcers being incriminated as the cause of sudden death and even as a chronic and cachetizing condition (Friendship 2004, Thomson & Friendship 2012.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Infectious diseases represented infrequent causes of death of sows in this study. In other studies carried out in Brazil, infectious diseases were responsible for the majority of deaths of weaned and growing-to-finishing pigs (Brum et al 2013, Piva et al 2020, and were also very common in sows (Vearick et al 2008). In the study of Vearick et al (2008) the genitourinary infections were the most frequent cause of death of sows, with 30.8% of the diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Causes of death of sows in three Brazilian pig farms

et al. 2021

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Sow mortality is directly related to financial losses and productive efficiency in pig farms. Despite this, diseases associated with the death of sows are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the main causes of death of sows in Brazilian pig farms. To perform this research, three Brazilian pig farms were visited, and necropsies were performed on all sows that had died spontaneously or were subjected to euthanasia. Tissue fragments were collected for histopathological and bacteriological examination. In addition, the clinical signs, productive stage, parity, and type of death (spontaneous or euthanasia) were recorded. A total of 138 necropsies were performed, and 132 had a conclusive diagnosis. The most frequent productive stages were gestation and lactation (33.3 and 31.9%, respectively), followed by parturient sows (17.4%), cull sows (9.4%), weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI) (4.3%), and unmated gilts (3.6%). The most affected organ systems were reproductive (28%), digestive (25%), locomotor (22%), cardiovascular (9.1%), and hematopoietic (6.1%). The most frequently diagnosed conditions were uterine prolapse (16/132; 12.1%), gastric ulcer (13/132; 9.8%), suppurative arthritis (11/132; 8.3%), liver lobe torsion (11/132; 8.3%), heart failure (9/132; 6.8%), vaginal or vaginal and rectal prolapse (9/132; 6.8%), and pododermatitis (8/132; 6.1%). Although 58.2% of the deaths were due to one of these seven diseases, there was a great variability in diagnoses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Causes of death of sows in three Brazilian pig farms

et al. 2021

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“…Gastric or splenic torsion has occasionally been reported as a cause of sudden death in swine (Piva et al, 2020), as stomach and spleen infarction and congestion can occur, due to the occlusion of the vessels involved in the irrigation and drainage of these organs (McGavin & Zachart, 2009). If one of these torsions occur in collared peccaries, the structural arrangement of the celiac artery would not reduce the degree of organ involvement when compared with the patterns observed in domestic swine or other mammals, given that rotation causes blood obliteration mainly in the vascular stomach and spleen pedicles (Ortiz et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral aortic branches in the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758)

Gurgel

Sousa

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Anat Histol Embryol

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The determination of arterial vascular distribution patterns can contribute to more detailed knowledge on arterial systems. In this context, the aim of the present study was to describe the collateral aortic branches in the collared peccary, aiming to define a standard model for this species, providing information through comparative anatomy for analysis of some evolutionary aspects of the order Artiodactyla. Ten young male animals were employed. The vascular system was washed with a saline solution and then perfused with Neoprene 450 latex coloured with red or yellow pigment, followed by collateral aorta branch dissections and analyses. The contrasted digital radiography technique was applied to two animals, which were initially perfused with a barium sulphate solution (1 g/ml) and Neoprene 450 latex at a 1:3 ratio, and subsequently, the digital radiographic examination was performed. The aortic arch of the collared peccary emitted the brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery, while eight symmetric pairs of dorsal intercostal arteries originated from the thoracic aorta. The abdominal aorta, in turn, exhibited the celiac, cranial mesenteric, renal, caudal mesenteric, testicular, external iliac, internal iliac and sacral arteries as the collateral branches in all studied animals. Therefore, no relevant variations were observed regarding the arrangement of the arterial distribution of the aorta, thus suggesting a static standard model in the collared peccary.

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“…However, since the circulatory and respiratory systems seem to play important roles for sudden deaths, both among finishers 6 , 12 and sows 8 , 13 , one strategy could be to develop indicator traits, e.g. quantifying the capacity of the heart and lungs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-throughput study of visceral organs in CT-scanned pigs

Nordbø

Sagevik

Kongsro

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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It has been debated whether intensive selection for growth and carcass yield in pig breeding programmes can affect the size of internal organs, and thereby reduce the animal’s ability to handle stress and increase the risk of sudden deaths. To explore the respiratory and circulatory system in pigs, a deep learning based computational pipeline was built to extract the size of lungs and hearts from CT-scan images. This pipeline was applied on CT images from 11,000 boar selection candidates acquired during the last decade. Further, heart and lung volumes were analysed genetically and correlated with production traits. Both heart and lung volumes were heritable, with h2 estimated to 0.35 and 0.34, respectively, in Landrace, and 0.28 and 0.4 in Duroc. Both volumes were positively correlated with lean meat percentage, and lung volume was negatively genetically correlated with growth (rg = − 0.48 ± 0.07 for Landrace and rg = − 0.44 ± 0.07 for Duroc). The main findings suggest that the current pig breeding programs could, as an indirect response to selection, affect the size of hearts- and lungs. The presented methods can be used to monitor the development of internal organs in the future.

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Causes of death in growing-finishing pigs in two technified farms in southern Brazil

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Causes of death of sows in three Brazilian pig farms

Causes of death of sows in three Brazilian pig farms

Collateral aortic branches in the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758)

A high-throughput study of visceral organs in CT-scanned pigs

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