Causes of death and competing risk analysis of the associated factors for non-small cell lung cancer using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database

Wei, Shen; Tian, Jintao; Song, Xiaoping; Wu, Bingquan; Liu, Limin

doi:10.1007/s00432-017-2522-3

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previous studies with early-stage NSCLC have shown that age had an adverse effect on both lung cancer and non-lung cancer specific survival. 12,27,34 These findings were in agreement with our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Considering that the median age at diagnosis of lung cancer patients is 70 years, it is not surprising that many of them have comorbidities and increased risk for non–lung cancer mortality after lung resection . Recent studies found that deaths from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) become increasingly important in patients undergoing surgical resection during follow up, especially among older patients . It is unclear whether lobectomy and sublobectomy display different patterns of long‐term postoperative non‐lung cancer mortality and no correlational analysis in a large cohort have been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,8 Recent studies found that deaths from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) become increasingly important in patients undergoing surgical resection during follow up, especially among older patients. [9][10][11][12] It is unclear whether lobectomy and sublobectomy display different patterns of long-term postoperative non-lung cancer mortality and no correlational analysis in a large cohort have been published. In addition, most findings were analyzed within an NSCLC cohort only and we made a precise comparison of non-lung cancer mortality with that of the general population to make our results more persuasive.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non–lung cancer specific mortality after lobectomy or sublobectomy in patients with stage IA non–small cell lung cancer ≤2 cm: A propensity score analysis

Yin

Zhao

et al. 2019

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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Background and Objectives To investigate non‐lung cancer specific mortality between stage IA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors less than and equal to 2 cm treated with lobectomy and sublobectomy. Methods Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database was queried for patients who underwent lobectomy and sublobectomy. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to achieve balance in clinicopathological characteristics. We used Fine‐and‐Gray hazard functions to analyze cause‐specific mortality and risk factors. Standardized mortality ratios were calculated to describe cause specific mortality relative to the general population. Results After PSM, 3,844 patients underwent lobectomy and 1,922 patients underwent sublobectomy. Three leading causes of non–lung cancer mortality were cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), and other cancers. The 5‐year cumulative non‐lung cancer mortality of lobectomy and sublobectomy groups were 11.4% and 14.0%, respectively (P = .090). Multivariate analyses revealed that age, sex, histology, tumor size, and marital status (P < .01) were independent predictors of non–lung cancer specific mortality. In both groups, risks of CVD specific mortality were comparable to that in the general population, whereas the risk of COPD specific mortality was higher relative to the general population. Conclusions As a significant competing event, non–lung cancer specific mortality is comparable between stage IA NSCLC tumors less than equal to 2 cm treated with lobectomy and sublobectomy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non–lung cancer specific mortality after lobectomy or sublobectomy in patients with stage IA non–small cell lung cancer ≤2 cm: A propensity score analysis

Yin

Zhao

et al. 2019

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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“…Other clinical factors associated with poor prognosis are tumor grade (Sun et al, 2006), increasing age, male gender, smoking status, performance status, comorbidity, and surgical technique (Bugge et al, 2018;Wei et al, 2018;Woodard et al, 2016). Different prognostic biomarkers have been investigated but this far none have been enough validated to make its way to the clinic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immune microenvironment in non‐small cell lung cancer is predictive of prognosis after surgery

et al. 2019

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The impact of the tumor immune microenvironment on overall survival in non‐small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) has been studied, but there is little information on its relevance for risk of relapse after surgery. Understanding more about the immune microenvironment in previously untreated NSCLC could help in identifying high‐risk patients and patients more likely to benefit from neoadjuvant/adjuvant immunotherapy. Here, we examined gene expression in 399 surgically derived NSCLC samples and 47 samples from normal lung, using Agilent microarray and RNA sequencing. In 335 of the tumor samples, programmed death‐ligand 1 ( PD ‐L1) expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Gene expression was used to estimate content of immune cells and to calculate an immune score. Properties of the immune microenvironment, and its impact on prognosis, were compared in histological subgroups and gene expression subtypes. Tumors with an active immune microenvironment were found for both adenocarcinomas ( AD ) and squamous cell carcinomas ( SCC ). In AD , high immune score and high estimates of several immune cell types belonging to the adaptive immune system were associated with better progression‐free survival ( PFS ), while in SCC , no association between immune characteristics and PFS was found. The immune microenvironment, including PD ‐L1 expression, and its impact on prognosis showed clear differences in AD and SCC gene expression subtypes. In conclusion, the NSCLC immune microenvironment is predictive of prognosis after surgery. Lung AD and SCC gene expression subtypes should be investigated as potential prognostic biomarkers in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

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“…Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer‐related death in the world . Despite advances in therapy, the overall survival rate of patients with advanced lung cancer is low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non‐coding RNA OIP5‐AS1 promotes proliferation of lung cancer cells and leads to poor prognosis by targeting miR‐378a‐3p

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe antisense of the OIP5‐AS1 gene is a long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) that is reported to be upregulated and promotes cell proliferation in multiple human cancers; however, its function in lung cancer is unknown. We investigated the regulatory function and underlying mechanisms of OIP5‐AS1 in lung cancer.MethodsOIP5‐AS1 and microRNA (miR)‐378a‐3p expression were assayed by quantitative real‐time PCR, and proliferation‐related protein expression was measured by Western blotting. Cell viability was detected using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to detect the direct regulation of miR‐378a‐3p by OIP5‐AS1. Nude mice were used to test the function of OIP5‐AS1 in vivo.ResultsOIP5‐AS1 was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and was correlated with tumor size and tumor growth speed. OIP5‐AS1 overexpression increased lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Further investigation revealed that OIP5‐AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA of miR‐378a‐3p. MiR‐378a‐3p overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and caused proliferation‐associated proteins CDK4 and CDK6 to decrease in A549 cells. Overexpression of wild type OIP5‐AS1 led to strong CDK4 and CDK6 expression; however, these two proteins did not change when mutated OIP5‐AS1 was upregulated. Finally, in vivo assay showed that the speed of tumor growth was increased and decreased when OIP5‐AS1 was upregulated and downregulated, respectively.ConclusionOur results revealed that OIP5‐AS1 acts as a growth‐promoting lncRNA in lung cancer by suppressing miR‐378a‐3p function. OIP5‐AS1 and miR‐378a‐3p interaction may provide a potential target for lung cancer treatment.

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Causes of death and competing risk analysis of the associated factors for non-small cell lung cancer using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Non–lung cancer specific mortality after lobectomy or sublobectomy in patients with stage IA non–small cell lung cancer ≤2 cm: A propensity score analysis

Non–lung cancer specific mortality after lobectomy or sublobectomy in patients with stage IA non–small cell lung cancer ≤2 cm: A propensity score analysis

The immune microenvironment in non‐small cell lung cancer is predictive of prognosis after surgery

Long non‐coding RNA OIP5‐AS1 promotes proliferation of lung cancer cells and leads to poor prognosis by targeting miR‐378a‐3p

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