Causes for mass occurrences of the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla: a hypothesis that involves optically conditioned retention

Sørnes, Tom A.; Aksnes, Dag L.; Båmstedt, Ulf; Youngbluth, Marsh J.

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbm003

Cited by 54 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, The edible jellyfish R. esculentum, Rhopilema hispidum, Lobonema smithi and Lobonemoides gracilis have been fished commercially in southeast Asia and occurred locally blooms during a particular period in most years (Omori and Nakano, 2001;Hamner and Dawson, 2009). The coronate medusae Periphylla periphylla has maintained a very high density for more than a decade in certain Norwegian fjords (Sørnes et al, 2007). P. noctiluca formed periodic blooms in the Mediterranean and Adriatic seas that have attracted public notoriety through stinging swimmers (Purcell, 2005).…”

Section: Scyphozoan Jellyfish Biodiversity and Distribution In Chinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jellyfish blooms in China: Dominant species, causes and consequences

Dong

Chen

Keesing

2010

Marine Pollution Bulletin

321

193

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Section: Scyphozoan Jellyfish Biodiversity and Distribution In Chinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jellyfish blooms in China: Dominant species, causes and consequences

Dong

Chen

Keesing

2010

Marine Pollution Bulletin

321

193

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“…Eiane et al (1999) and Sørnes et al (2007) hypothesized that (1) light attenuation of NCW has increased and (2) that this has made Lurefjorden less suitable for visual predators and more hospitable for tactile predators. Our results are consistent with the first part of this hypothesis.…”

Section: Has Coastal Water Darkening Facilitated Mesopelagic Regime Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 2 main zooplanktivores in Masfjorden are the mesopelagic fishes Maurolicus muelleri and Benthosema glaciale, while such visual predators are practically absent in Lurefjorden. Instead there is a total dominance of the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla and other tactile invertebrate predators (Eiane et al 1999, Bagøien et al 2001, Sørnes et al 2007). Evidence suggests that Lurefjorden has not always been suitable to P. periphylla, since the mass occurrence apparently was established in the 1970s (Fosså 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence suggests that Lurefjorden has not always been suitable to P. periphylla, since the mass occurrence apparently was established in the 1970s (Fosså 1992). It has been hypothesized that a gradual NCW darkening has caused this apparent regime shift by affecting light conditions in favour of tactile predators (Eiane et al 1999, Sørnes et al 2007). In recent years there has been an apparent increase in the number of Norwegian coastal locations where such mass occurrences have been observed (J.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coastal water darkening and implications for mesopelagic regime shifts in Norwegian fjords

Aksnes

Dupont²,

Staby³

et al. 2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

125

100

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The light regime of the water column has a strong structuring effect on aquatic food webs and it has been previously hypothesized that coastal water darkening has increased the success of tactile predators relative to visual predators such as fish. Due to a general lack of time-series of optical parameters, we applied a proxy for light attenuation that depends on salinity and dissolved oxygen at a time of the year when chlorophyll concentrations were low. We present evidence that coastal waters of Norway have darkened as a result of freshening over the period 1935 to 2007. Our results suggest that locations where coastal water penetrates into deep basins have been prone to water column darkening, particularly if dissolved oxygen has also declined. We have estimated that salinity and oxygen variation on the ranges 33 to 35 PSU and 1 to 6 ml O 2 l -1 are associated with up to 8 orders of magnitude difference in photon flux at 200 m depth in a water column devoid of pigments. Our results suggest such darkening needs to be considered in analyses of mesopelagic regime shifts involving mass occurrence of the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla.

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“…These habitats feature varyingly brackish water, higher summer temperatures than the open ocean and refuge from advective losses. While the upper layers of fjords are characterized by estuarine circulation transporting brackish water out of the fjord and, below it, coastal water into the fjord, water exchange below sill level is much reduced, facilitating the retention of plankton and formation of resident populations (Aksnes et al, 1989;Sørnes et al, 2007;Hosia & Bamstedt, 2008). This kind of overwintering strategy is used by the lobate ctenophore Bolinopsis infundibulum in Malangen fjord, northern Norway (Falkenhaug, 1996).…”

Section: Source -Sink Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in Norway

Hosia

Falkenhaug

2015

Mar. Biodivers. Rec.

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We present data on the occurrence of the invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in Norway after the initial observations made in 2005. Our data comes from several net sampling investigations conducted along the Norwegian coast in 2008-2014, as well as beach seine bycatch from the south coast (September -October 2005. In 2008-2010, M. leidyi occurred in moderate abundances (≤0.56 lobate ind m 23 ) during autumn, with northernmost observations from Trondheimsfjord. Mnemiopsis leidyi was not observed in 2011 -2012 and was scarce in 2013, but in 2014 it was again abundant along the south and west coasts. While temperature and salinity conditions along the Norwegian south coast and its fjords are sufficient for survival and reproduction by M. leidyi, temperature may limit egg production rates. Biological factors including food limitation as well as competition and predation by native gelatinous predators can also constrain populations. Mnemiopsis leidyi populations in Norway are likely to exhibit source-sink dynamics, with advective losses and suboptimal conditions preventing overwintering in large areas along the coast. The presence of M. leidyi in the southern North Sea, coupled with the cyclonic circulation pattern, suggests that outbreaks may nevertheless be expected in years with favourable conditions and/or significant inflow from the southern North Sea. Climate change could enhance reproduction of M. leidyi in Norway and protected inner fjords may offer a suitable habitat for establishment of local populations in the future.

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Causes for mass occurrences of the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla: a hypothesis that involves optically conditioned retention

Cited by 54 publications

References 38 publications

Jellyfish blooms in China: Dominant species, causes and consequences

Jellyfish blooms in China: Dominant species, causes and consequences

Coastal water darkening and implications for mesopelagic regime shifts in Norwegian fjords

Invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in Norway

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