Causes de décès de 91 patients ayant une infection à VIH traités par des antirétroviraux

Sodqi, M.; Marih, L.; Lahsen, A. Oulad; Bensghir, Rajaa; Chakib, A; Himmich, Hakima; Filali, Kamal Marhoum El

doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2011.12.013

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The diarrhea caused by cryptosporidiosis may become profuse and chronic, depending on the health status of the host, and appears to be life-threatening in people with various immune-system deficiencies. Many studies have confirmed the high mortality associated with Cryptosporidium infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection [1-4]. A single Cryptosporidium oocyst has been reported to initiate infection in immunosuppressed persons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genotyping and subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis carried by flies on dairy farms in Henan, China

et al. 2014

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BackgroundCryptosporidium and Giardia are important causes of diarrhea diseases in humans and animals worldwide, and both of them are transmitted by the fecal–oral route, either by direct contact or by the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The role of flies in the mechanical transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia has been receiving increasing attention. To date, no information is available in China about the occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in flies. We here investigated Cryptosporidium and Giardia in flies on dairy farms in Henan Province, China, at the genotype and subtype levels.MethodsEight hundred flies were randomly collected from two dairy farms from July 2010 to September 2010 and were divided evenly into 40 batches. The fly samples were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia with nested PCR. Cryptosporidium was genotyped and subtyped by analyzing the DNA sequences of small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) and 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes, respectively. The identity of Giardia was determined by sequence analyzing of the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and β-giardin (bg) genes.ResultsForty batches of flies had 10% of contamination with Cryptosporidium or Giardia, with a mixed infection of the two parasites in one batch of flies. The Cryptosporidium isolates were identified as C. parvum at the SSU rRNA locus, and all belonged to subtype IIdA19G1 at the gp60 locus. The Giardia isolates were all identified as assemblage E of G. duodenalis at the tpi, gdh, and bg loci. One novel subtype of assemblage E was identified based on the gdh and bg loci.ConclusionsThis is the first molecular study of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in flies identified at both genotype and subtype levels. SSU rRNA and gp60 sequences of C. parvum in flies was 100% homologous with those derived from humans, suggesting flies act as an epidemiological vector of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis. The variable PCR efficiencies observed in the analysis of Giardia at different loci suggest that we should use the multilocus genotyping tool in future studies to increase the detection rate, and importantly, to obtain more complete genetic information on Giardia isolates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genotyping and subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis carried by flies on dairy farms in Henan, China

et al. 2014

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“…In the industrialized countries, the most common causes of HIVrelated mortality are liver diseases and cardiovascular diseases [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. We find a low rate of liver diseases (2.6%) in our center (Tables 4-6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In poor countries, tuberculosis and cryptococcosis are frequently associated with high HIV-related mortality [4][5][6][7]. In Tunisia, the causes presented are pulmonary pneumocystosis followed by neuromeningeal cryptococcosis and toxoplasmosis [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of Deaths of HIV Infected Patients at the HIV/AIDS Center of Excellence of the University of Lubumbashi in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Joe¹,

Mutape²,

David³

et al. 2017

J Infect Dis Med

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Antiretroviral therapy and its major scaling up over the past decade has contributed to improving the quality of life of people living with HIV, but the mortality associated with this pandemic remains a concern in our environment and opportunistic infections are the major causes of death in most patients. The objective is to determine the causes of patients' deaths living with HIV at the Lubumbashi University Center of Excellence. A documentary review of patients was conducted from May 2011 to December 2015. Death is considered HIV-related if it is the result of an opportunistic infection in any patient with CD4 less than 200/mm 3 . 1717 patients were recruited to the center of excellence between May 2011 and December 2015, the mortality rate was 24.1% patient year, 67.95% women and 32.05% male 76.63% of patients had CD 4 less than 200 mm 3 . 86% of the causes were directly related to HIV, Cryptococcal neuromeningitis comes first with 16.6%, while tuberculosis follows with 15.3%; 8% of the causes were not directly related to HIV, it is notably hepatopathies with 2.6%.

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“…In addition, in immunocompromised patients, toxoplasmosis is always a life-threatening disease. In North African HIV-infected individuals, toxoplasmosis represents one of the main causes of death [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> among AIDS Patients in Saudi Arabia

Zaini¹,

Ismail²,

Dahlawi³

2016

WJA

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Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular parasite mainly found in the central nervous system CNS, however, it can persist in multiple tissues in the body. Moreover, T. gondii is the commonest protozoans causing infections among individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of T. gondii infection among AIDS patients in Makkah at Saudi Arabia. Methods: Fifty patients with AIDS proved to be positive by ULTRA HIV Ag-Ab Enzyme Immunoassay, and thirty healthy volunteers negative for AIDS by ULTRA HIV Ag-Ab Enzyme Immunoassay were subjected to determination of anti T. gondii immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody seropositivity and anti T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody seropositivity using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: The results showed that the seropositivity rate of anti T. gondii IgM antibodies among AIDS patients (18%) was significantly higher than in the healthy volunteers group (3.33%). Regarding the serum level of anti T. gondii IgG antibodies among AIDS patients, it was 30% significantly higher compared with those of the seropositive healthy volunteers (6.67%). Conclusions: These statistically significant results support the association between T. gondii infection and AIDS and suggest the usefulness of providing data for an educational program that will be designed to prevent T. gondii infection among AIDS patients.

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Causes de décès de 91 patients ayant une infection à VIH traités par des antirétroviraux

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Genotyping and subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis carried by flies on dairy farms in Henan, China

Genotyping and subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis carried by flies on dairy farms in Henan, China

Causes of Deaths of HIV Infected Patients at the HIV/AIDS Center of Excellence of the University of Lubumbashi in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Seroprevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> among AIDS Patients in Saudi Arabia

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Causes de décès de 91 patients ayant une infection à VIH traités par des antirétroviraux

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Genotyping and subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis carried by flies on dairy farms in Henan, China

Genotyping and subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis carried by flies on dairy farms in Henan, China

Causes of Deaths of HIV Infected Patients at the HIV/AIDS Center of Excellence of the University of Lubumbashi in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Seroprevalence of &lt;i&gt;Toxoplasma gondii&lt;/i&gt; among AIDS Patients in Saudi Arabia

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Seroprevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> among AIDS Patients in Saudi Arabia