Causes and Outcomes of Childhood Trauma with GCS Below 9

Abstract

Objective: 
 the rate of injury in children is still significant, so we designed a study to investigate the common causes of trauma and its consequences in children, based on these results we can prevent occurrence the of trauma in children. 
 Materials and Methods: 
 In this study, trauma patients under 18 years with GCS below 9 were studied. For each patient, a checklist was completed, and the 24 hours outcome of the patients was completed. People who did not have a triage card and who have incomplete documents were excluded from the study. The outcome was considered as one of the five states of discharge from the emergency department, hospitalization in a ward, hospitalization in the intensive care unit, leaving the hospital with against physicians’ permission, and death.
 Result:
 In this study, 67 percent (n=1216) were males and 33 percent (n=598) were females. The average age of patients was 5.47 ± 3.1. The most common area of trauma was the head and neck (30%). Ultimately, 1361 patients were discharged from the emergency department (75%), 5 patients transferred to the trauma ward, 1 patient hospitalized in the intensive care unit, 250 patients left the hospital with personal consent (13%), 110 patients referred to another center (6%), 59 patients escaped from the hospital and zero deaths were recorded.
 Conclusion:
 According to the results of the present study, most mechanisms of trauma under 18 years old were traffic accidents. Most of the fatal trauma was related to chest and abdominal trauma.