Causes and Consequences of Child Marriage: A Perspective

Factors That Encourage Early Marriage and Motherhood from the Perspective of Iranian Adolescent Mothers : A Qualitative Study

“…In developed countries early motherhood is considered specially along with cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mental disorders (15), and it is studied by gynecologists, obstetricians, pediatricians, psychologists, sociologists and family physicians (16). Studies have indicated that many factors are effective on early marriage and motherhood including; economic factors (poverty, unemployment) (4,6,17,18), social factors (gender discrimination, school dropout, social norms, mass media, migration from rural to urban areas, the influence of peers) (4,15,17,(19)(20)(21), cultural and religious factors (prevention from unrestrained sexual promiscuity, religious and cultural incentives, ethnicity and race) (19,22), safety factors (war, rape, kidnapping) (3,17,22), psychological factors (low self-esteem, mental health problems, antisocial behavior, sense of emotional maturity) (19,23,24), political and legal factors (the national laws for marriage and sexual relations, legal gap)(23, 25), organizational factors (views of health care givers and access to services)(23), family factors (breakdown of family structures, the absence of father, family values, social and psychological problems of parents, parents demand) (3,24), and individual factors (inability to continue education, love, desire to have children, sense of empowerment) (19).…”

Factors Associated with Attrition of Girls Students from School in Bangladesh

“…A number of demographic and socio-economic factors are associated with the girl's school attrition. Predictor variables on the basis of the previous study [2,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17] are included in this study ( Table 1). The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-collect data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities.…”

Child Marriage and Resistance Movements

“…In addition, young girls aged below 18 are not ready for childbearing due to the smaller size of their pelvis that is not yet mature in its formation. The rate of morbidity and mortality was found to be higher for young girls due to physical and emotional immaturity, lack of healthcare provided, as well as poor nutrition in their body, not to mention the higher risk of diseases that they may be infected with during pregnancy and the complication risk during the delivery of the baby (Mahoto 2016). Taylor et al (2019) claim that child marriage will also lead to the increase of a young child's vulnerability to maternal mortality, higher morbidity and mortality, as well as the implication of fertility and childbearing at such a young age.…”

“…In addition, child brides face greater consequences in childbearing, leading to higher rates of mortality and morbidity as well as higher rates of exposure to diseases such as HIV and AIDS. These situations make it difficult to achieve the goal under SDGs for good health and well-being (Paul and Chouhan 2019;IWHC 2019;Lal 2015;Mahoto 2016;Taylor et al 2019). This situation indicates that child marriage not only affects the child individually but also affects the world as it prohibits the potential to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.…”

“…In other words, they will have no say nor be given opportunity to be sought of their opinion or consent to it when they subsequently grow up. The second form involves children aged 10 and below, and the last form involves girls aged 10 to 15, wherein usually the girls will be marrying much older men (Mahoto 2016).…”