Cause-specific childhood mortality in Africa and Asia: evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites

Streatfield, Peter Kim; Khan, Wasif Ali; Bhuiya, Abbas; Hanifi, Syed Manzoor Ahmed; Alam, Nurul; Ouattara, Mamadou; Sanou, Aboubakary; Sié, Ali; Lankoandé, Bruno; Soura, Abdramane; Bonfoh, Bassirou; Jaeger, Fabienne N.; N’Goran, Eliézer K.; Utzinger, Jüerg; Abreha, Loko; Melaku, Yohannes Adama; Weldearegawi, Berhe; Ansah, Akosua; Hodgson, Abraham; Oduro, Abraham; Welaga, Paul; Gyapong, Margaret; Narh, Clement T.; Narh-Bana, Solomon; Kant, Shashi; Misra, Puneet; Sanjay, K; Bauni, Evasius; Mochamah, George; Ndila, Carolyne; Williams, Thomas N.; Hamel, Mary J.; Ngulukyo, Emmanuel; Odhiambo, Frank; Sewe, Maquins; Béguy, Donatien; Ezeh, Alex; Oti, Samuel; Diallo, Aldiouma; Douillot, Laëtitia; Sokhna, Cheikh; Delaunay, Valérie; Collinson, Mark; Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson; Kahn, Kathleen; Herbst, Kobus; Mossong, Joël; Chúc, Nguyễn Thị Kim; Bangha, Martin; Sankoh, Osman; Byass, Peter

doi:10.3402/gha.v7.25363

Cited by 32 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…These descriptions of methods used to construct this multisite dataset (27) apply to the following series of analytical papers using the dataset (20–25). A standard Box summarising these methods is included in each of these papers.…”

Section: Populations and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, childhood mortality (20) and adult non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality (21), plus mortality from external causes (22) and associated with pregnancy (23), have been explored in more detail. Malaria (24) and HIV/AIDS-related (25) mortality, being two highly significant causes that vary considerably between sites, are also documented separately.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cause-specific mortality in Africa and Asia: evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites

Streatfield

Khan

Bhuiya

et al. 2014

Global Health Action

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BackgroundBecause most deaths in Africa and Asia are not well documented, estimates of mortality are often made using scanty data. The INDEPTH Network works to alleviate this problem by collating detailed individual data from defined Health and Demographic Surveillance sites. By registering all deaths over time and carrying out verbal autopsies to determine cause of death across many such sites, using standardised methods, the Network seeks to generate population-based mortality statistics that are not otherwise available.ObjectiveTo build a large standardised mortality database from African and Asian sites, detailing the relevant methods, and use it to describe cause-specific mortality patterns.DesignIndividual demographic and verbal autopsy (VA) data from 22 INDEPTH sites were collated into a standardised database. The INDEPTH 2013 population was used for standardisation. The WHO 2012 VA standard and the InterVA-4 model were used for assigning cause of death.ResultsA total of 111,910 deaths occurring over 12,204,043 person-years (accumulated between 1992 and 2012) were registered across the 22 sites, and for 98,429 of these deaths (88.0%) verbal autopsies were successfully completed. There was considerable variation in all-cause mortality between sites, with most of the differences being accounted for by variations in infectious causes as a proportion of all deaths.ConclusionsThis dataset documents individual deaths across Africa and Asia in a standardised way, and on an unprecedented scale. While INDEPTH sites are not constructed to constitute a representative sample, and VA may not be the ideal method of determining cause of death, nevertheless these findings represent detailed mortality patterns for parts of the world that are severely under-served in terms of measuring mortality. Further papers explore details of mortality patterns among children and specifically for NCDs, external causes, pregnancy-related mortality, malaria, and HIV/AIDS. Comparisons will also be made where possible with other findings on mortality in the same regions. Findings presented here and in accompanying papers support the need for continued work towards much wider implementation of universal civil registration of deaths by cause on a worldwide basis.

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Section: Populations and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Cause-specific mortality in Africa and Asia: evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites

Streatfield

Khan

Bhuiya

et al. 2014

Global Health Action

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“…Some of these mortality burdens were common across all sites – such as high maternal and neonatal mortality rates compared with other parts of the world (15, 16). Other striking findings related to very specific settings and sub-populations, such as childhood drowning in Bangladesh, and homicide among adult males in some eastern and southern African settings (17).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cause-specific mortality at INDEPTH Health and Demographic Surveillance System Sites in Africa and Asia: concluding synthesis

Sankoh

Byass

2014

Global Health Action

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This synthesis brings together findings on cause-specific mortality documented by means of verbal autopsies applied to over 110,000 deaths across Africa and Asia, within INDEPTH Network sites.MethodsDevelopments in computerised methods to assign causes of death on the basis of data from verbal autopsy (VA) interviews have made possible these standardised analyses of over 110,000 deaths from 22 African and Asian Health and Demographic Surveillance System sites in the INDEPTH Network. In addition to previous validations of the InterVA-4 probabilistic model, these wide-ranging analyses provide further evidence of the applicability of this approach to assigning the cause of death. Plausible comparisons with existing knowledge of disease patterns, as well as substantial correlations with out-of-model parameters such as time period, country, and other independent data sources were observed.FindingsSubstantial variations in mortality between sites, and in some cases within countries, were observed. A number of the mortality burdens revealed clearly constitute grounds for public health actions. At an overall level, these included high maternal and neonatal mortality rates. More specific examples were childhood drowning in Bangladesh and homicide among adult males in eastern and southern Africa. Mortality from non-communicable diseases, particularly in younger adulthood, is an emerging cause for concern. INDEPTH’s approach of documenting all deaths in particular populations, and successfully assigning causes to the majority, is important for formulating health policies.Future directionsThe pooled dataset underlying these analyses is available at the INDEPTH Data Repository for further analysis. INDEPTH will continue to fill cause-specific mortality knowledge gaps across Africa and Asia, which will also serve as a baseline for post-2015 development goals. The more widespread use of similar VA methods within routine civil registration systems is likely to become an important medium-term strategy in many countries.

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“…However, there is paucity of similar data from developing countries [7]. Also in a country like India, where rural health services are not sufficient to deal with a critically ill child, the utility of a neonatal morbidity scoring system is very high for the immediate assessment and to determine need for referral to higher center if needed [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To Prognosticate Survival Applying Scoring System based on Clinical Parameters and Study the Morbidity Pattern of Very Low Birth Weight Inborn Preterm Neonates: A Prospective Observational Study from India

Gupta¹,

Chhangani²,

Sharma³

et al. 2015

JPNC

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Objective: To prognosticate survival applying scoring system and study morbidity pattern of very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm neonates admitted in NICU.Methods: Hundred and ten VLBW preterm neonates were included.10 morbid conditions were assessed and graded as per morbidity score given by Minde et al.[1]. Neonates were categorized into 5 groups based on cumulative scores (Group A 0-20, B 21-40, C 41-60, D 61-80, E 81-100). All 5 groups were further divided based on total number of serious conditions (None/ 1 / 2 / 3). Final outcome (Discharged/Expired) was compared in each group.Result: There was statistical increase in hospital duration stay with increase in the severity score. Maximum neonates were in group A (41.8%) followed by group B and C. Mortality increased from group A to E. Most common causes of morbidity was neonatal sepsis. Conclusion:Not only an increasing total cumulative score is associated with poor outcome, rather cumulative score plus the total number of serious conditions predict the outcome more accurately. Keywords:

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Cause-specific childhood mortality in Africa and Asia: evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Cause-specific mortality in Africa and Asia: evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites

Cause-specific mortality in Africa and Asia: evidence from INDEPTH health and demographic surveillance system sites

Cause-specific mortality at INDEPTH Health and Demographic Surveillance System Sites in Africa and Asia: concluding synthesis

To Prognosticate Survival Applying Scoring System based on Clinical Parameters and Study the Morbidity Pattern of Very Low Birth Weight Inborn Preterm Neonates: A Prospective Observational Study from India

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