Cause of Damage and Failures in Silo Structures

Doğangün, Adem; Karaca, Zeki; Durmuş, Ahmet; Sezen, Halil

doi:10.1061/(asce)0887-3828(2009)23:2(65)

Cited by 124 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, many uncertainties still remain (Dogangun et al, 2009;Ayuga, 2008;Nielsen, 2008) since the laws which control the behavior of materials stored in silos are not totally understood. The highest thrust forces exerted by the stored materials on the walls occur during discharge (Ramirez et al, 2010;Härtl et al, 2008;EN 1991EN -4, 2006Ayuga et al, 2001;Zhong et al, 2001;Askegaard and Munch-Andersen, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Simulation of silo filling and discharge using ANSYS and comparison with experimental data

Gallego

Ruíz

Rodríguez

2015

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Simulation of silo filling and discharge using ANSYS and comparison with experimental data

Gallego

Ruíz

Rodríguez

2015

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

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“…S8 and time lapse movie Movie S5). Thus, just like jamming of granular media can threaten the mechanical integrity of their confinements, which can lead to the bursting of grain silos [32,45], it could also be an important mechanical aspect of host invasion [10][11][12] and biofouling [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Driven Jamming in Growing Microbial Populations

Delarue

Hartung

Schreck

et al. 2016

Preprint

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In natural settings, microbes tend to grow in dense populations [1][2][3][4] where they need to push against their surroundings to accommodate space for new cells. The associated contact forces play a critical role in a variety of population-level processes, including biofilm formation [5][6][7], the colonization of porous media [8,9], and the invasion of biological tissues [10][11][12]. Although mechanical forces have been characterized at the single cell level [13][14][15][16], it remains elusive how collective pushing forces result from the combination of single cell forces. Here, we reveal a collective mechanism of confinement, which we call self-driven jamming, that promotes the buildup of large mechanical pressures in microbial populations. Microfluidic experiments on budding yeast populations in space-limited environments show that self-driven jamming arises from the gradual formation and sudden collapse of force chains driven by microbial proliferation, extending the framework of driven granular matter [17][18][19][20]. The resulting contact pressures can become large enough to slow down cell growth, to delay the cell cycle in the G1 phase, and to strain or even destroy the microenvironment through crack propagation. Our results suggest that self-driven jamming and build-up of large mechanical pressures is a natural tendency of microbes growing in confined spaces, contributing to microbial pathogenesis and biofouling [21][22][23][24][25][26].

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“…In a more recent study, they also carried out shaking table tests of ground-supported (flat-bottom) silos (Silvestri et al 2014). In the December 7, 1988 Spitak, Armenia earthquake, a part of the granary in the flour mill complex was damaged (Dogangun et al 2009). In the August 17, 1999 andNovember 12, 1999 Duzce, Turkey earthquakes at the SEKA Paper Factory, three reinforced concrete silos containing wastewater completely collapsed (Erdik and Uckan 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seismic performance of elevated steel silos during Van earthquake, October 23, 2011

et al. 2014

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Silos are commonly used industrial structures to store dry/granular materials like cement or wheat. A typical silo consists of a vertical steel tank supported by a braced steel frame which rests on concrete support. Due to unloading purposes, the tank is generally located at an elevated position. This makes the structure vulnerable to axial loads in columns due to excessive overturning moments generated at the base of the structure. During the October 23, 2011 Van earthquake in Turkey, many silos collapsed either due to column buckling or foundation problems. In this paper, the field observations regarding the seismic performance of silos after the Van earthquake are first summarized. Then, the seismic performances of two steel-elevated silos located in the earthquake region are studied. One of the silos survived the earthquake by some minor damages in the form of buckling (at bottom horizontal brace) and spalling of concrete support, while the other silo remained undamaged. Nonlinear dynamic time history analyses are performed to evaluate the seismic performances of both silos. As the input ground motion, the recorded ground motion from a temporary aftershock station (about 2 km away from the silos) in the second earthquake is used. Analyses indicate that design and construction quality of elevated silos determine the seismic performance. Finally, recommendations are given to improve the seismic performance of new constructions.

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Cause of Damage and Failures in Silo Structures

Cited by 124 publications

References 5 publications

Simulation of silo filling and discharge using ANSYS and comparison with experimental data

Simulation of silo filling and discharge using ANSYS and comparison with experimental data

Self-Driven Jamming in Growing Microbial Populations

Seismic performance of elevated steel silos during Van earthquake, October 23, 2011

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