Causative Agents and Susceptibility of Antimicrobials among Suspected Females with Urinary Tract Infection in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Western Nepal

Thapa, Parbati; Parajuli, Keshab; Poudel, Asia; Thapa, Arjun Kumar; Manandhar, Bikash; Laudari, D; Malla, HB; Katiwada, R

doi:10.3126/jcmc.v3i2.8436

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This might be due to reason that reproductive age group has a high prevalence rate of UTI and incidence of symptomatic UTI is high in sexually active young groups. 36 A study done by Thapa et al (2013) at Tertiary care Hospital of Western Nepal reported that the highest susceptible age group was 20-30 years which had the prevalence of 28.8% and the least was found in age group more than 80 years. 37 Previous studies done at B and B Hospital, Nepal also reported that the more susceptible age group among the male was 20 -30 years and among the female was 30-40 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36 A study done by Thapa et al (2013) at Tertiary care Hospital of Western Nepal reported that the highest susceptible age group was 20-30 years which had the prevalence of 28.8% and the least was found in age group more than 80 years. 37 Previous studies done at B and B Hospital, Nepal also reported that the more susceptible age group among the male was 20 -30 years and among the female was 30-40 years. 34 But the study performed by Shigemura et al (2005) at a single institution in Japan during a 20 year period reported that most of the uropathogens were recorded in subjects aged 50 years and above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Antibiograms of Uropathogens from the Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections in Bharatpur Hospital, Nepal

Adhikari

Khadka

Rana³

et al. 2019

J Coll Med Sci-Nepal

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Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the uropathogens among the patients attending Bharatpur Hospital. Methods: A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was carried out among the patients attending Bharatpur Hospital from December 2017 to February 2018. Aseptically collected clean catch mid-stream urine samples from 200 clinically suspected patients were cultured and processed for the identification of the uropathogens in the laboratory using standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed for all the isolates against commonly used antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2017. Results: Out of 200 samples collected, 59(29.5%) of the samples showed the presence of pathogens causing urinary tract infection (UTI). Among them, 43(72.9%) were Gram-negative and 16(27.1%) were Gram-positive bacteria. UTI was found to be the most prevalent in females compared to the males and in the age group of 21-30 years. E. coli (72.0%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (50.0%) were the most predominant Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates respectively. The isolates were resistant to cefpodoxime (54.2%) and least resistant to gentamicin (10.2%). Twenty (33.9%) isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant (MDR). Conclusions: Higher frequency of antibiotic resistance among UTI patients alerts for continuous surveillance to assure effective control of this infection. Awareness of good hygienic practice especially in females and prudent use of antibiotics in case of infection can be sug-gested. Keywords: antibiotic susceptibility test; E. coli; MDR; urine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antibiograms of Uropathogens from the Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections in Bharatpur Hospital, Nepal

Adhikari

Khadka

Rana³

et al. 2019

J Coll Med Sci-Nepal

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“…The close proximity of the vaginal and anal opening in the female and the absence of the prostatic uid which has the bactericidal property in the female may make them more susceptible to the UTIs [29,31]. The patients of age group (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) showed the highest signi cant growth i.e. 44.49% which was similar to the study by Yadav The overall prevalence of UTI was 32.29% in diabetic patients and 15.97% in non-diabetic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13.30%. Dash et al, 2014 and Thapa et al, 2013 concluded the incidence of UTI is greater in the sexually active female of reproductive age[32,33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Higher prevalence of ESBL producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Diabetic patients from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu

Nayaju

Upreti

Ghimire

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The increased rate of urinary tract infection (UTI) in immunocompromised patients especially diabetic patients is a major public health problem in adults. Moreover, the infection with multidrug resistant strains producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is a key obstacle in disease management among such vulnerable population. An immediate proper treatment depends on rapid diagnosis of UTI and screening of antimicrobial resistant pattern with highly sensitive methods which also reduces the possible urinary complications among the diabetic patients. Hence, this study was aimed to determine the occurrence of antibiotic resistant genes for β-lactamases; blTEM and blaCTX-M in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from UTI suspected diabetic and non-diabetic patients. attendingMethods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu Model Hospital in association with Central Department of Microbiology, TU from June to December 2018. A total of 1267 non-duplicate mid-stream urine specimens from diabetic and non-diabetic patients were obtained and processed immediately for isolation of uropathogens. The isolates were subjected for antibiotic susceptibility testing and ESBL confirmation. Finally, blaTEM and blaCTX-M ESBL genes were screened by using specific primers.Results: The overall prevalence of the urinary tract infection UTI was found to be 17.20%(218/1267) , out of which diabetic patients were significantly more infected with UTI accounting for 32.29%(31/96) as compared to non-diabetic persons, 15.97%(187/1171). A total of 221 bacterial were from 218 culture positive specimens in which E . coli was a most predominate one; 67.9%(150/221.). Forty-four percent (66/150) of the total E. coli was MDR and 37.33%(56/150) were ESBL producers. Among 56 isolates, 92.3%(12/13) from diabetic patents and 83.0% (44/53) were from non-diabetic patients. Furthermore, 84.85% of the screened ESBL producers were confirmed to possess either single or both of the blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes . The blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes were detected in 53.57% and 87.5% of the phenotypically ESBL confirmed E. coli .Conclusions: The UTI infection is an increasing problem in diabetic patients and infection with multidrug resistant strains specially ESBL producing uropathogens are causing a huge problem in disease management leading to high rate of mortality and morbidity of diabetic patients.

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“…Urinary tract and urinary-catheter infections[117][118][119][120][121] E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia…”

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confidence: 99%

Donnan Potential across the Outer Membrane of Gram-Negative Bacteria and Its Effect on the Permeability of Antibiotics

et al. 2021

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The cell envelope structure of Gram-negative bacteria is unique, composed of two lipid bilayer membranes and an aqueous periplasmic space sandwiched in between. The outer membrane constitutes an extra barrier to limit the exchange of molecules between the cells and the exterior environment. Donnan potential is a membrane potential across the outer membrane, resulted from the selective permeability of the membrane, which plays a pivotal role in the permeability of many antibiotics. In this review, we discussed factors that affect the intensity of the Donnan potential, including the osmotic strength and pH of the external media, the osmoregulated periplasmic glucans trapped in the periplasmic space, and the displacement of cell surface charges. The focus of our discussion is the impact of Donnan potential on the cellular permeability of selected antibiotics including fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, β-lactams, and trimethoprim.

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Causative Agents and Susceptibility of Antimicrobials among Suspected Females with Urinary Tract Infection in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Western Nepal

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence and Antibiograms of Uropathogens from the Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections in Bharatpur Hospital, Nepal

Prevalence and Antibiograms of Uropathogens from the Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections in Bharatpur Hospital, Nepal

Higher prevalence of ESBL producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Diabetic patients from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu

Donnan Potential across the Outer Membrane of Gram-Negative Bacteria and Its Effect on the Permeability of Antibiotics

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