Causality between exports, world income and economic growth in Pakistan

Afzal, Muhammad

doi:10.1080/10168730500515399

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, these two variables are co-integrated in the long run. The results of our evidence are also parallel to the earlier findings of Narayan, Nielsen & Smyth (2008), Acaravci & Osturk (2012) and Afzal (2006).…”

Section: The Granger Causality Testsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relationship Between Public Expenditure and Economic Growth In Kosovo: Findings from a Johansen Co-Integrated Test and a Granger Causality Test

Pula

Elshani

2018

ECO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the scientific literature, there are two opposing views on the relationship between public expenditure and economic growth. The Keynesian view states that public expenditure is an exogenous factor that influences economic growth and can be used as a policy instrument. This point of view is in contrast to the Wagner view that the public expenditure is seen as an endogenous factor or an outcome, not a cause, of economic growth. The primary objective of this study is to test the views of Keynes’s versus Wagner’s in the case of Kosovo by using Public Expenditure (G), Gross Domestic Product and three other components of GDP: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Export (EXP) and Total Budget Revenue (TRtax); the variables used in this analysis are quarterly time series data spanning from 2004–2016. To accomplish the set objectives, the Johansen co-integrated technique is used to investigate the long-run relationship between public expenditure and economic growth, while the Granger causality test is used to know the direction of flow between variables. This study discovers that there is a unidirectional causality between government expenditures and economic growth in Kosovo. It is also found that there is a bidirectional causality between total budget revenue and public expenditure. On the other hand, results also provide evidence that there is a bidirectional causality between export and economic growth. Moreover, the results for Kosovo indicate that data for the period considered support the Keynesian view.

show abstract

Section: The Granger Causality Testsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relationship Between Public Expenditure and Economic Growth In Kosovo: Findings from a Johansen Co-Integrated Test and a Granger Causality Test

Pula

Elshani

2018

ECO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Foreign investment and export promotion are more recent phenomenon in Pakistan. Export promotion policies were adopted in early 1990s and this policy has been moderately successful [16]. Now foreign aid is not available at concessional terms after the end of cold war.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Growth and Economic Development in Pakistan

Afzal¹

2009

TODEMOJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is divergence of opinion regarding the consequences of population growth for economic development. Some view rapid population growth as a real problem while others assert that it is not a matter of grave concern. Crossnational evidence on the relationship between population growth and economic growth is inconsistent because the underlying parameters and assumptions vary across countries. Country-specific studies are more useful for illuminating unique features of a country. In this article, I examine Pakistan's case of population growth and economic development. Between 1950-2001, Pakistan's population increased 430 percent. Multivariate analyses of 1981 to 2005 data from the Pakistan Economic Survey and from the International Financial Statistics yearbooks found significant and negative relationship between population growth and measures of economic advancement. These results demonstrate that rapid population growth is a real problem in Pakistan because it contributes to lower investment growth and diminishes the savings rate. Today foreign investment and export promotion have only a small impact on Pakistan's economic growth. Owing to its rapid population growth, Pakistan has among the world's highest dependency ratios. Policy makers can address these serious economic consequences of rapid population growth by investing in family planning services. Development of independent media and liberal education in educational institutions will in time also help by encouraging a smaller family size ideal.

show abstract

“…According to many studies see Din (2004), Afzal (2006), Saad (2012) and Abbas (2012), our model is written according to the following three systems. All variables are used in real term and transformed in logarithmic: LY t =Log(Y t ).…”

Section: 2econometric Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Causality and Cointegration Between Export, Import and Economic Growth: Evidence from Morocco

Alaoui¹

2015

JWER

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:This article investigates the relationship between export, import and economic growth using annual time series data for the Moroccan economy over the period 1980-2013. The cointegration technique has been employed to see the long run equilibrium relationship among variables. For this end, Granger causality test based on vector error correction model (VECM) has been adopted to see both short and long run causality among the variables. The cointegration results confirm the existence of the long-run relationship among these variables. For the short-run causality, the findings suggest (i) bidirectional causality between economic growth and import, (ii) unidirectional causality that run from export to import, and (iii) no-directional causality between economic growth and export.

show abstract

Causality between exports, world income and economic growth in Pakistan

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

The Relationship Between Public Expenditure and Economic Growth In Kosovo: Findings from a Johansen Co-Integrated Test and a Granger Causality Test

The Relationship Between Public Expenditure and Economic Growth In Kosovo: Findings from a Johansen Co-Integrated Test and a Granger Causality Test

Population Growth and Economic Development in Pakistan

Causality and Cointegration Between Export, Import and Economic Growth: Evidence from Morocco

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About