Causal Role of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Atherosclerosis

Jacob, Rachel

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1671702

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…The oxidation of lipoproteins is an initial phase in the development of atherosclerosis with deleterious and toxic effects on endothelial cells [21]. Subsequently, Ox-LDL may induce endothelial dysfunction, the expression of adhesion molecules, the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and foam cell formation [16,22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Aspects

2019

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease which is a major cause of coronary heart disease and stroke in humans. It is characterized by intimal plaques and cholesterol accumulation in arterial walls. The side effects of currently prescribed synthetic drugs and their high cost in the treatment of atherosclerosis has prompted the use of alternative herbal medicines, dietary supplements, and antioxidants associated with fewer adverse effects for the treatment of atherosclerosis. This article aims to present the activity mechanisms of antioxidants on atherosclerosis along with a review of the most prevalent medicinal plants employed against this multifactorial disease. The wide-ranging information in this review article was obtained from scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Natural and synthetic antioxidants have a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis through different mechanisms. These include: The inhibition of low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the inhibition of cytokine secretion, the prevention of atherosclerotic plaque formation and platelet aggregation, the preclusion of mononuclear cell infiltration, the improvement of endothelial dysfunction and vasodilation, the augmentation of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, the modulation of the expression of adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on endothelial cells, and the suppression of foam cell formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Aspects

2019

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Juglanin suppresses oscillatory shear stress-induced endothelial dysfunction: An implication in atherosclerosis

Zhao

Quan

Xie

et al. 2020

International Immunopharmacology

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Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and its Role in Atherosclerosis Development

Edae

2020

BJSTR

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Oxidative stress is known by excess production of reactive species, especially (ROS) and deleterious modifications in biomolecules such as proteins, and lipid mainly. It is a common mediator in pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Because of its potential to act as center in the cause of many diseases particularly cardiovascular disease, identifying biomarkers of oxidative stress has become the highly interesting and focus of many research. Measurement of reactive species (ROS) in the circulation of complex biological systems remains a challenge due to the short half-life of these reactive species and the need of special equipment to detect it. A widely used and reliable approach is the measurement of stable by-products modified under conditions of oxidative stress that have entered the circulation. The stable oxidation product that used as biomarker of oxidative stress include lipid oxidation product such as Isoprostanes (isops), MDA, and protein oxidation product such as nitrotyrosine ,Protein Glutathionilation and oxd LDL are the major one. The oxidative stress play pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the major cardiovascular risk factors termed as atherosclerosis. This is caused by excess production of reactive species (ROS) in the vessel mainly by enzymes such as NAD (P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase, myeloperoxidase and uncoupled nitrc oxide synthase which oxidize lipoprotein (LDL). The oxidize LDL (oxLDL) lipoprotein progress the atherosclerosis process from the initially to the end stage development.

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Causal Role of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Atherosclerosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Aspects

Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Aspects

Juglanin suppresses oscillatory shear stress-induced endothelial dysfunction: An implication in atherosclerosis

Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and its Role in Atherosclerosis Development

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