Causal inference from randomized trials in social epidemiology

Kaufman, Jay S.; Kaufman, Sol; Poole, Charles

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00135-7

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A case can be made that in action-oriented CBPR a higher priority should be given to making a beneficial intervention available to the community than to testing its effectiveness in the most rigorous manner. Observational designs closely integrated with surveillance51 might be more appropriate in evaluating the effectiveness of the intervention in CBPR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating research and action: a systematic review of community-based participatory research to address health disparities in environmental and occupational health in the USA

Cook

2008

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

143

113

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Introduction Integrating research and action represents a goal and key principles of CBPR, but there has been little effort to synthesize the literature to evaluate if such integration is occurring. Objectives 1) To examine the extent to which CBPR integrates action to effect community-level change; and 2) to ascertain factors that facilitates such integration. Methods Original articles reporting on CBPR in environmental and occupational health in the United States were identified primarily through a MEDLINE search. Inceptions, processes, methods, and outcomes of the projects were reviewed. Results In fourteen of the twenty studies reviewed, CBPR led to community-level action to improve the health and well-being of the community members. Observational studies that investigated problems posed by the affected community and that incorporated qualitative methods were more likely to lead to action. The collaboration among government scientists, university researchers, and community partners emerged as a new model of CBPR partnerships that effectively integrates research and action. Conclusions To help CBPR better integrate research and action, a shift towards community-initiated and action-oriented observational studies might be needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating research and action: a systematic review of community-based participatory research to address health disparities in environmental and occupational health in the USA

Cook

2008

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

143

113

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“…In addition, the causal order of various socioeconomic indicators (SEIs) as determinants of health has been discussed (19,20), with attention focusing on education, occupation, and income as key indicators. Education is generally experienced first in the life course, and it influences income through its direct effect on occupation.…”

Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical and current predictors of self-reported health status among elderly persons in Barbados

Hambleton¹,

Clarke²,

Broome³

et al. 2005

Rev Panam Salud Publica

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Objective. To understand the relative contribution of past events and of current experiences as determinants of health status among the elderly in the Caribbean nation of Barbados, in order to help develop timely public health interventions for that population. Methods. The information for this prevalence study was collected in Barbados between December 1999 Health status, aged, socioeconomic factors, Barbados. ABSTRACTThe average age of the population in countries around the world continues to rise, reflecting the concurrent declines in fertility and adult mortality (1). Population aging represents a public health success story, but it simulta-

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“…Además, el posible sesgo de migración (38), buscó ser minimizado al incluir la razón de desplazados en el análisis. Finalmente, este estudio solo muestra asociaciones que no necesariamente son causales.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Social capital, violent deaths, and cancer mortality in Colombia: a population approach

Idrovo¹

2006

Rev. salud pública

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RESUMENObjetivo En Colombia hay evidencias de que el capital social (CS) se asocia con mayores tasas de crimen violento (CS "perverso"). Este estudio explora la relación entre CS, las muertes violentas y la ocurrencia acumulada de muerte por cáncer (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996). Material y métodos Se llevó a cabo un estudio ecológico con los 33 departamentos colombianos. Se estimaron las correlaciones entre las muertes violentas (indicador inverso del CS), la razón de desplazamiento interno, las tasas de mortalidad por cada tipo de cáncer. Mediante regresiones robustas se exploró el efecto de las muertes violentas (CS "perverso") y la ocurrencia de muerte por cáncer, ajustado por la convergencia/polarización económica (1960-1995) y la razón de desplazamiento interno hasta 1996. Resultados Se observaron correlaciones positivas (p<0.05) entre las muertes violentas (CS "perverso") y todos los tipos de cáncer, excepto el de mama y de pulmón entre hombres. En todos los casos se observaron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas, después de ajustar por la convergencia o polarización económica de los departamentos y el desplazamiento interno. Discusión Este estudio muestra una relación directa entre las muertes violentas) sobre la ocurrencia de cáncer. Los hallazgos aquí obtenidos sugieren una relación en U inversa entre CS y la ocurrencia de enfermedad.Palabras Clave: Neoplasias, mortalidad, crimen, economía, ciencias sociales, Colombia (fuente: DeCS, BIREME). ABSTRACTSocial capital, violent deaths, and cancer mortality in Colombia: a population approach 38

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Causal inference from randomized trials in social epidemiology

Cited by 55 publications

References 54 publications

Integrating research and action: a systematic review of community-based participatory research to address health disparities in environmental and occupational health in the USA

Integrating research and action: a systematic review of community-based participatory research to address health disparities in environmental and occupational health in the USA

Historical and current predictors of self-reported health status among elderly persons in Barbados

Social capital, violent deaths, and cancer mortality in Colombia: a population approach

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