Cauliflower mosaic virus gene VI produces a symptomatic phenotype in transgenic tobacco plants

Baughman, Gail; Jacobs, Jerry D.; Howell, Stephen H.

doi:10.1073/pnas.85.3.733

Cited by 79 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The observation that the ability to cause rugosity, the only clear difference in symptom type between the parents, is conferred by the larger MstII fragment, is consistent with reports that the major determinants of symptom production are located in ORF VI (Schoelz et al, 1986;Baughman et al, 1988). The necrosis seen in W/CSinoculated plants, more extensive than caused by either parent, is consistent with the suggestion that interactions between different regions of the CaMV genome can produce novel symptom types (Daubert et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Competition between Isolates and Variants of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus in Infected Turnip Plants

Zhang¹,

Melcher²

1989

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYThe Cabb S isolate of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is the only isolate that can be recovered from turnip plants mixedly infected with Cabb S and an infectious variant of Cabb S. Analysis of the progeny resulting from mixed infections of turnip plants was done for a better understanding of this dominance. Cabb S DNA was the dominant DNA recovered from plants after a mixed infection with Cabb S and D/H or W isolates of CaMV, whereas UM130 (derived from Cabb S by the insertion of a short oligonucleotide in open reading frame III) coexisted in turnip plants with D/H, NY8153, CM4-184 and W isolates. To determine whether there are additional sequences responsible for the ability of Cabb S to dominate over UM130, coinoculation experiments were done using chimeric DNAs, obtained by in vivo recombination (IC141, IC143 and VR246) and by in vitro construction (W/CS and CS/W). Chimeras IC141, IC143 and VR246 coexisted in turnip plants with UM130. Chimera CS/W dominated over UM 130, whereas UM 130 dominated over W/CS. The location of Cabb S sequences in these chimeras suggests that more than one region is responsible for the competitive advantage of Cabb S DNA. A different modification of Cabb S DNA in open reading frame III also destroyed the ability of the DNA to dominate over the W isolate. In DNA from virions obtained after co-infection with U M 130 and CS/W, more molecules were recovered with U M 130-specific sequences at position 1364 than with those at position 2040. This and similar results with progeny from W/CS and UM130 co-infection suggest that genetic exchanges had occurred. However, exchanges were not detected in progeny from other mixed infections. Thus the dominance of the Cabb S isolate in mixed infections was due primarily to a better competitive ability of the Cabb S DNA. Plants inoculated first with UM130 and 2 to 8 days later with Cabb S contained only UM130 CaMV DNA, indicating that dominance was unable to overcome cross-protection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Competition between Isolates and Variants of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus in Infected Turnip Plants

Zhang¹,

Melcher²

1989

Journal of General Virology

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“…Using transgenic plants containing integrated multimers of TGMV A and B, we have shown that TGMV functions are divided between the two genome components and confirmed that both DNAs are essential for productive infection (Rogers et al, 1986). Transgenic plants have also been used successfully to identify the single genes for the movement protein of tobacco mosaic virus (Deom, Oliver, and Beachy, 1987), a protein that may be involved in cauliflower mosaic virus symptom production (Baughman, Jacobs, and Howell, 1988), and the replicase of alfalfa mosaic virus (van Dun, van Vloten-Doting, and BOI, 1988). We describe here the construction of transgenic tobacco plants that contain the leftward open reading frames of TGMV A under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35s promoter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Functional expression of the leftward open reading frames of the A component of tomato golden mosaic virus in transgenic tobacco plants.

1989

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The genome of the geminivirus tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) consists of two circular DNA molecules designated as components A and 6. We have constructed Nicotiana benthamiana plants that are transgenic for the three overlapping open reading frames, AL1, AL2, and AL3, from the left side of TGMV A. In the transgenic plants, the AL open reading frames are under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35s promoter. In TGMV infectivity assays, seven of 10 transgenic lines complemented TGMV A variants with mutations in AL1, AL2, or AL3 when co-inoculated with the 6 component. The 35s-AL construct was transcribed as a single RNA species in the transgenic plants, indicating that AL1, AL2, and AL3 were expressed from a polycistronic mRNA. This differs from the complex transcription pattern in TGMV-infected plants, which contains five AL transcripts. There was no quantitative correlation between the efficiency of complementation in the infectivity assay and the leve1 of expression of transgenic AL RNA in the leaves of a transgenic line. One line that failed to complement defects in AL1, AL2, and

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“…P6 is the major pathogenicity determinant for CaMV (Daubert et al, 1984;Baughman et al, 1988;Stratford and Covey, 1989;Zijlstra and Hohn, 1992) and was recently shown to be a suppressor of RNA silencing (Love et al, 2007). In addition, P6 also functions as an avirulence determinant, as it has been shown to be responsible for eliciting a hypersensitive response in Nicotiana edwardsonii and Datura stramonium, as well as nonnecrotic resistance in Nicotiana bigelovii and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ectotype Tsu-O (Daubert et al, 1984;Schoelz et al, 1986;Wintermantel et al, 1993;Agama et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Protein P6 Forms Motile Inclusions That Traffic along Actin Microfilaments and Stabilize Microtubules

et al. 2008

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The gene VI product (P6) of Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is a multifunctional protein known to be a major component of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies formed during CaMV infection. Although these inclusions are known to contain virions and are thought to be sites of translation from the CaMV 35S polycistronic RNA intermediate, the precise role of these bodies in the CaMV infection cycle remains unclear. Here, we examine the functionality and intracellular location of a fusion between P6 and GFP (P6-GFP). We initially show that the ability of P6-GFP to transactivate translation is comparable to unmodified P6. Consequently, our work has direct application for the large body of literature in which P6 has been expressed ectopically and its functions characterized. We subsequently found that P6-GFP forms highly motile cytoplasmic inclusion bodies and revealed through fluorescence colocalization studies that these P6-GFP bodies associate with the actin/endoplasmic reticulum network as well as microtubules. We demonstrate that while P6-GFP inclusions traffic along microfilaments, those associated with microtubules appear stationary. Additionally, inhibitor studies reveal that the intracellular movement of P6-GFP inclusions is sensitive to the actin inhibitor, latrunculin B, which also inhibits the formation of local lesions by CaMV in Nicotiana edwardsonii leaves. The motility of P6 along microfilaments represents an entirely new property for this protein, and these results imply a role for P6 in intracellular and cell-to-cell movement of CaMV.

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Cauliflower mosaic virus gene VI produces a symptomatic phenotype in transgenic tobacco plants

Abstract: Gene VI of the cauliflower mosaic virus

Cited by 79 publications

References 17 publications

Competition between Isolates and Variants of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus in Infected Turnip Plants

Competition between Isolates and Variants of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus in Infected Turnip Plants

Functional expression of the leftward open reading frames of the A component of tomato golden mosaic virus in transgenic tobacco plants.

The Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Protein P6 Forms Motile Inclusions That Traffic along Actin Microfilaments and Stabilize Microtubules

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