Caught between two Allee effects: Trade-off between reproduction and predation risk

Pavlová, Viola; Berec, Luděk; Boukal, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.03.009

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In conclusion, a number of modelling studies have shown that a predation-driven Allee effect may occur in theory, and also a wide range of studies on animals have confirmed this mechanism [6,14,[18][19][20]. However, there has been little evidence of predation-driven Allee effects in plants, and our study provides strong evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation in a plant species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Apart from pollination, predation is another factor affecting reproductive success, which is also density dependent. Therefore, whether plant density has a net positive or negative effect on the realized reproductive success depends on the relative strengths of pollination success and predispersal seed predation [13][14][15][16][17]. For example, decreased predation at low density counterbalanced the disadvantages of low-pollination success, and thus the final output was not detected as density dependent in Acer mono [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation in a plant ( Pedicularis rex , Orobanchaceae)

Sun

Liu

2013

Biol. Lett.

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A small or sparse population may suffer a reduction in fitness owing to Allee effects. Here, we explored effects of plant density on pollination, reproduction and predation in the alpine herb Pedicularis rex over two years. We did not detect a significant difference in the pollination rate or fecundity (fruit set and the initial seed set) before predation between sparse and dense patches in either year, indicating no pollination-driven Allee effect. However, dense patches experienced significantly fewer attacks by predispersal seed predators in both years, resulting in a significantly decreased realized fecundity (final seed set), suggesting a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation. Predation-driven Allee effects have been predicted by many models and demonstrated for a range of animals, but there is scant evidence for such effects in plants. Our study provides strong evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predation in a plant species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation in a plant ( Pedicularis rex , Orobanchaceae)

Sun

Liu

2013

Biol. Lett.

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“…Other processes that may influence individual fitness include Allee effects, that is, a decrease in fitness caused by a decrease in population size (Stephens et al ., ). Predation is one of the numerous drivers of Allee effects that have been recently documented in animal populations (Gascoigne & Lipcius, ; Kramer & Drake, ; McLellan et al ., ; Pavlová et al ., ; Bourbeau‐Lemieux et al ., ; Kang et al ., ) but similar evidence is scarce in plants. Still, Xia et al .…”

Section: Impacts Of Predispersal Insect Herbivory On Reproductive Strmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecology of predispersal insect herbivory on tree reproductive structures in natural forest ecosystems

2017

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Plant-insect interactions are key model systems to assess how some species affect the distribution, the abundance, and the evolution of others. Tree reproductive structures represent a critical resource for many insect species, which can be likely drivers of demography, spatial distribution, and trait diversification of plants. In this review, we present the ecological implications of predispersal herbivory on tree reproductive structures by insects (PIHR) in forest ecosystems. Both insect's and tree's perspectives are addressed with an emphasis on how spatiotemporal variation and unpredictability in seed availability can shape such particular plant-animal interactions. Reproductive structure insects show strong trophic specialization and guild diversification. Insects evolved host selection and spatiotemporal dispersal strategies in response to variable and unpredictable abundance of reproductive structures in both space and time. If PIHR patterns have been well documented in numerous systems, evidences of the subsequent demographic and evolutionary impacts on tree populations are still constrained by time-scale challenges of experimenting on such long-lived organisms, and modeling approaches of tree dynamics rarely consider PIHR when including biotic interactions in their processes. We suggest that spatially explicit and mechanistic approaches of the interactions between individual tree fecundity and insect dynamics will clarify predictions of the demogenetic implications of PIHR in tree populations. In a global change context, further experimental and theoretical contributions to the likelihood of life-cycle disruptions between plants and their specialized herbivores, and to how these changes may generate novel dynamic patterns in each partner of the interaction are increasingly critical.

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“…Such energy expenditure might similarly impoverish their physical condition (Fleming and Nicolson 2004;Schubert et al 2009). In addition, courtship behavior makes male lizards more conspicuous to predators (Koga et al 2001;Pavlová et al 2010), which might also result in decreased survival rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of spatio‐temporal variation in the survival rates of a viviparous lizard: the interacting effects of sex, reproductive trade‐offs, aridity, and human‐induced disturbance

Pérez-Mendoza¹,

Zúñiga‐Vega²,

Martorell³

et al. 2014

Population Ecology

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Examination of the spatial and temporal variation in survival rates provides insight on how the action of natural selection varies among populations of single species. In this study, we used mark‐recapture data from seven populations of the viviparous lizard Sceloporus grammicus in Central Mexico and a multi‐model inference framework to examine interpopulation variation in the survival of adult males and females. We aimed to analyze the potential effects of aridity, human‐induced disturbance, and reproductive costs on the survival rates of these lizards. For females in particular, we also searched for a negative relationship between litter size (adjusted for female size) and female survival. Our results demonstrate seasonal changes in survival for males and females. In three out of our seven study sites female survival decreased during the birthing season. In contrast, male survival did not appear to decrease during the mating season. We found an interaction between site‐specific aridity and reproductive season affecting female survival. A decrease in female survival during the birthing season was observed in relatively arid sites. In one of these arid sites we found a negative effect of size‐adjusted litter size on female survival: females producing more offspring than those expected for their size were more likely to die. This result represents evidence of a physiological trade‐off for gravid females occurring in at least one of the studied populations. Interpopulation variation in the degree of human‐induced disturbance could not explain the observed patterns of spatial variation in survival rates. Our results demonstrate wide variation in sex‐specific survival patterns of this viviparous lizard and provide evidence that negative associations between reproduction and survival are highly dependent on the local environmental conditions.

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Caught between two Allee effects: Trade-off between reproduction and predation risk

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation in a plant ( Pedicularis rex , Orobanchaceae)

Evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation in a plant ( Pedicularis rex , Orobanchaceae)

The ecology of predispersal insect herbivory on tree reproductive structures in natural forest ecosystems

Patterns of spatio‐temporal variation in the survival rates of a viviparous lizard: the interacting effects of sex, reproductive trade‐offs, aridity, and human‐induced disturbance

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