Caught between extremes: Understanding human-water interactions during drought-to-flood events in the Horn of Africa

Abstract

The absolute socio-economic damage from natural hazards has been increasing in recent decades in many parts of the World (Formetta & Feyen, 2019;IFRC, 2020b; IPCC, 2021), resulting in numerous humanitarian crises. These socio-economic impacts have often been attributed to a single hazard event (e.g., drought, flood, cyclone) combined with static exposure and vulnerability conditions (Ciurean et al., 2018). In reality, these impacts are often the result of complex dynamic interactions between societal and physical drivers tightly interlinked with the

Water Needs, Water Insecurity, and Human Biology

“…In lowland Bolivia, a historic flood in 2014 killed crops in horticultural fields; as a result, chicha consumption declined and Tsimane' began mixing raw water with sugar or fruit instead (Rosinger et al 2023). In the Horn of Africa, extreme drought and flooding killed hundreds of thousands of livestock, resulting in lower access to milk for calories and hydration (Matanó et al 2022). Hotter temperatures and heat waves decrease water availability via evaporation, but they also affect electrical grids that allow water pumps to run ( Jasechko & Perrone 2020).…”

Proposing DAPP-MR as a disaster risk management pathways framework for complex, dynamic multi-risk

“…(2020) , Figures 2–13 in Rimmer et al. (2022) or Figure 5 in Matanó et al. (2022) : interacting impacts co-occurring in space and time can be aggravating and result in larger disasters ( Simpson et al., 2021 ; Reichstein et al., 2021 ) depending on the spatiotemporal variable exposure and vulnerability of exposed elements ( Gallina et al., 2016 ; Liu et al., 2015 ; Simpson et al., 2021 ).…”