Caught at the Scene of the Crime: Platelets and Neutrophils Are Conspirators in Thrombosis

Moon, Mitchell J.; McFadyen, James D.; Peter, Karlheinz

doi:10.1161/atvbaha.121.317187

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Neutrophils and platelets are two major cell types responsible for thrombosis formation 23,35-37 . Our statistical analysis did not reveal any significant differences between the two groups, neither in the overall cohort ( Suppl Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutrophil extracellular traps formation is associated with postoperative complications in neonates and infants undergoing congenital cardiac surgery

Maisat,

Hou,

Sandhu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases (CHD) often undergo surgical repair on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Despite a significant medical and surgical improvement, the mortality of neonates and infants remains high. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules released from injured/damaged tissues as danger signals. We examined 101 pediatric patients who underwent congenital cardiac surgery on CPB. The mortality rate was 4.0%, and the complication rate was 31.6%. We found that neonates/infants experienced multiple complications most, consistent with the previous knowledge. Neonates and infants in the complication group had received more transfusion intraoperatively than the non-complication arm with lower maximum amplitude (MA) on rewarming CPB thromboelastography (TEG). Despite TEG profiles were comparable at ICU admission between the two groups, the complication arm had higher postoperative chest tube output, requiring more blood transfusion. The complication group showed greater neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation at the end of CPB and postoperatively. Plasma histones and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels were significantly higher in the complication arm. Both induced NETsin vitroandin vivo. As histones and HMGB1 target Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4, their mRNA expression in neutrophils was upregulated in the complication arm. Taken together, NETs play a major role in postoperative complication in pediatric cardiac surgery and would be considered a target for intervention.Key pointsNeonates and infants showed highest postoperative complications with more upregulation of inflammatory transcriptomes of neutrophils.Neonates and infants with organ dysfunction had more NETs formation with higher plasma histones and HMGB1 levels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutrophils and platelets are two major cell types responsible for thrombosis formation 23,[35][36][37] .…”

Section: Neutrophil and Platelet Counts Were Comparable In Patients W...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil extracellular traps formation is associated with postoperative complications in neonates and infants undergoing congenital cardiac surgery

Maisat,

Hou,

Sandhu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…EVs derived from neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages are released upon stimulation by inflammatory and damage mediators and/or pathogen-associated molecular patterns [ 117 , 118 ]. It has been demonstrated that patients with inflammatory and infectious diseases have an increased number of circulating EVs derived from immune cells [ 119 , 120 ] that contribute to the restoration of homeostasis. In addition to antimicrobial effects of neutrophil-derived EVs [ 121 ], they enhance the immunological role of their parent cells by increasing the expression of IL-6 and ICAM-1 on endothelial cells [ 122 ], thereby facilitating their migration across the endothelial barrier.…”

Section: Biology Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Multifaceted Roles of Extracellular Vesicles: Insights into Biology, Pharmacology, and Pharmaceutical Applications for Drug Delivery

Al-Jipouri,

Eritja,

Bozic

2023

IJMS

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released from various cell types that have emerged as powerful new therapeutic option for a variety of diseases. EVs are involved in the transmission of biological signals between cells and in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, highlighting them as potential novel targets/platforms for therapeutics intervention and/or delivery. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate new aspects of EVs’ biogenesis, biodistribution, metabolism, and excretion as well as safety/compatibility of both unmodified and engineered EVs upon administration in different pharmaceutical dosage forms and delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of essential physiological and pathological roles of EVs in different organs and organ systems. We provide an overview regarding application of EVs as therapeutic targets, therapeutics, and drug delivery platforms. We also explore various approaches implemented over the years to improve the dosage of specific EV products for different administration routes.

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“…The pooled values were as follows: sensitivity = 0.68 (95% CI 0.45-0.84), specificity = 0.73 (95% CI 0.6-0.83), positive likelihood ratio = 2.5 (95% CI 1.8-3.4), negative likelihood ratio = 0.44 (95% CI 0.26-0.75), diagnostic odds ratio = 6 (95% CI [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], and SROC = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.73-0.8). These results indicated that NLR had moderate diagnostic accuracy for VTE.…”

Section: Diagnostic Value Of Nlr In Vtementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutrophils are thought to mediate the pathogenesis of VTE. 9 The initiation of thrombus formation involves an inflammatory process which induces activation of endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes. 10 Activated endothelial cells express P-selectin, an adhesion molecule that mediates the attachment of leukocytes and platelets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio with Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cai

Zhou

2022

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost

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The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio(NLR) has been used for diagnosing venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aimed to assess the accuracy of NLR to diagnose VTE by meta-analysis. Systematic electronic searches were conducted June 2, 2021 in PubMed, Embase(Ovid), and Cochrane Library. The search did not have any language or time restriction applied. Our search strategy was based on keywords in combination with both medical subject headings (MeSH) terms and text words. The diagnostic odds ratio, summary receiver operating characteristics, sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were estimated. 10 articles with 1513 VTE participants and 2593 control participants were included for quantitative synthesis. The pooled values were as follows: sensitivity = 0.68(95% CI 0.45-0.84), specificity = 0.73(95% CI 0.6-0.83), positive likelihood ratio = 2.5(95% CI 1.8-3.4), negative likelihood ratio = 0.44(95% CI 0.26-0.75), diagnostic odds ratio = 6(95% CI 3-11), and SROC = 0.76(95% CI: 0.73-0.8). NLR could be diagnostic factor for the detection of potential VTE, the accuracy thereof in the current meta-analysis exhibited moderate accuracy for diagnosing VTE. Furthermore, further large cohort studies are needed to determine optimal cut-off values of NLR.

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Caught at the Scene of the Crime: Platelets and Neutrophils Are Conspirators in Thrombosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Neutrophil extracellular traps formation is associated with postoperative complications in neonates and infants undergoing congenital cardiac surgery

Neutrophil extracellular traps formation is associated with postoperative complications in neonates and infants undergoing congenital cardiac surgery

Unraveling the Multifaceted Roles of Extracellular Vesicles: Insights into Biology, Pharmacology, and Pharmaceutical Applications for Drug Delivery

The Association of Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio with Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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