Caudal Musculature of the South Indian Flying Lizard <i>Draco dussumieri</i> Dum. and Bibr.

John, K. O.

doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.1971.tb00561.x

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, it should be noted that not all of these accounts agree (see Terminology below). The anatomy of the extrinsic tail muscles in more distantly related lizard taxa has also been described (Sanders, 1874; Romer, 1922; Ali, 1947; John, 1971; Zaaf et al, 1990).…”

Section: Extrinsic Tail Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gross Anatomy of the Original and Regenerated Tail in the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis)

Ritzman

Stroik

Julik

et al. 2012

The Anatomical Record

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This study investigates the gross anatomy of the original and the regenerated tail in the green anole (Anolis carolinensis). Dissections were conducted on 24 original and 13 regenerated tails. While the extrinsic muscles of the original tail in A. carolinensis are similar to those in other known Anolis lizard species, the extent of the origins of m. caudofemoralis longus and m. caudofemoralis brevis is more restricted. These differences may underlie variation in locomotor performance among anole ecomorphs. The intrinsic muscles of the original tail are also described, confirming previous findings and documenting new details, including muscle origins and insertions and the range of intraspecific variation. A comparison of the intrinsic muscles of the original tail and the regenerated tail muscles reveals key differences, such as the lack of interdigitating muscle segments and intramuscular septa in the regenerated tail. These findings, along with the replacement of interlocking vertebrae with a stiff, cartilaginous rod, suggest that important functional differences exist between the original and regenerated tail. In particular, the regenerated tail is predicted to be less capable of coordinated, fine movements. Studies of the physical properties and range of motion of the original and regenerated tail are required to test this hypothesis. This atlas of tail anatomy in A. carolinensis represents a key resource for developmental and genetic studies of tail regeneration in lizards, as well as studies of anole evolution and biomechanics. Anat Rec, 295:1596Rec, 295: -1608

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Section: Extrinsic Tail Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gross Anatomy of the Original and Regenerated Tail in the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis)

Ritzman

Stroik

Julik

et al. 2012

The Anatomical Record

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“…In Draco , the patagia are first extended by the contraction of the iliocostal and intercostal musculature (Colbert, 1967; John, 1970; Russell and Dijkstra, 2001) and can be further expanded by interlocking the claws in the scales on the anterior dorsal surface of the patagia (Dehling, 2017). This is permitted by the long arms of this squamate and by a postaxial abduction of the manus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, numerous extant arboreal quadrupeds, namely reptiles, use their tail for balance while climbing (Jusufi et al, 2008;Fleming and Bateman, 2012), turning or crossing gaps (Higham et al, 2001;Larson and Stern, 2006), jumping (Gillis et al, 2009;Kuo et al, 2012;Libby et al, 2012), or falling (Jusufi et al, 2008(Jusufi et al, , 2010(Jusufi et al, , 2011. In the case of Draco, tail stiffness is muscularly controlled and serves to direct the gliding course (John, 1971;Clark et al, 2021). The tail of weigeltisaurids is long and slender with short neural and haemal spines (Fig.…”

Section: Paleoecology Of Weigeltisauridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The postcranial skeleton of the gliding reptileCoelurosauravus elivensisPiveteau, 1926 (Diapsida, Weigeltisauridae) from the late Permian of Madagascar

Buffa¹,

Frey

Steyer³

et al. 2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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The postcranial skeleton of the gliding neodiapsid reptile Coelurosauravus elivensis (Lower Sakamena Formation, late? Permian, southwestern Madagascar) is redescribed in detail based on all previously referred specimens. The exquisite preservation of the material provides three-dimensional details of the individual bones, which are missing in the Laurasian weigeltisaurid material. A new skeletal reconstruction of C. elivensis is proposed including the first reconstruction of a weigeltisaurid reptile in lateral view. The reexamination of the material highlights interspecific differences in the postcranium of weigeltisaurids, in particular in the trunk and patagial spars. These animals have long been considered as arboreal and gliding reptiles. However, new information on the postcranium of C. elivensis reveals strong similarities with both extant and extinct quadrupeds specialized for a clinging arboreal lifestyle. Additionally, the presence of an additional phalanx in the fifth digit of the manus is now attested for all weigeltisaurids where this region is preserved. We suggest that this morphology could have allowed weigeltisaurids to grasp their patagium as observed in the extant gliding agamid Draco. Weigeltisaurids are thus the earliest known gliding vertebrates and some of the first tetrapods with an obligatory arboreal lifestyle, but also represent the only known vertebrates with a hyperphalangy aligned with a gliding apparatus.

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“…iliocaudalis dorsalis and m . iliocaudalis ventralis anchor to the posterior process of the ilium, as well as the ilioischiadic ligament (Ali, ; Snyder, ; John, ). Both the m .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…iliocaudalis dorsalis and ventralis run posteriorly from the ilium, respectively, above and below the posterior surface of the sacral ribs and transverse processes of the caudal vertebrae, until the end of the tail. Their function is to abduct the tail, or stiffen the tail when contracted (Ali, ; John, ). The preacetabular process of the ilium, which extends ventrally to overlap onto the pubis head anteriorly, is not a primary surface of muscle or ligament attachment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The iliosacral joint in lizards: an osteological and histological analysis

2020

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The development of the iliosacral joint (ISJ) in tetrapods represented a crucial step in the evolution of terrestrial locomotion. This structure is responsible for transferring forces between the vertebral column and appendicular skeleton, thus supporting the bodyweight on land. However, most research dealing with the water‐to‐land transition and biomechanical studies in general has focused exclusively on the articulation between the pelvic girdle and femur. Our knowledge about the contact between the pelvic girdle and vertebral column (i.e. the ISJ) at a tissue level is restricted so far to human anatomy, with little to no information available on other tetrapods. This lack of data limits our understanding of the development and evolution of such a key structure, and thus on the pattern and processes of the evolution of terrestrial locomotion. Therefore, we investigated the macro‐ and microanatomy of the ISJ in limb‐bearing squamates that, similar to most non‐mammalian, non‐avian tetrapods, possess only two sacral ribs articulating with the posterior process of the ilium. Using a combination of osteology, micro‐computed tomography and histology, we collected data on the ISJ apparatus of numerous specimens, sampling different taxa and different ontogenetic stages. Osteologically, we recorded consistent variability in all three processes of the ilium (preacetabular, supracetabular and posterior) and sacral ribs that correlate with posture and locomotion. The presence of a cavity between the ilium and sacral ribs, abundant articular cartilage and fibrocartilage, and a surrounding membrane of dense fibrous connective tissue allowed us to define this contact as a synovial joint. By comparison, the two sacral ribs are connected to each other mostly by dense fibrous tissue, with some cartilage found more distally along the margins of the two ribs, defining this joint as a combination of a syndesmosis and synchondrosis. Considering the intermediary position of the ISJ between the axial and appendicular skeletons, the shape of the articular surfaces of the sacral ribs and ilium, and the characteristics of the muscles associated with this structure, we argue that the mobility of the ISJ is primarily driven by the movements of the hindlimb during locomotion. We hypothesize that limited torsion of the ilium at the ISJ happens when the hip is abducted, and the joint is likely able to absorb the compressional and extensional forces related to the protraction and retraction of the femur. The mix of fibres and cartilage between the two sacral ribs instead serves primarily as a shock absorber, with the potential for limited vertical translation during locomotion.

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Caudal Musculature of the South Indian Flying Lizard Draco dussumieri Dum. and Bibr.

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

The Gross Anatomy of the Original and Regenerated Tail in the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis)

The Gross Anatomy of the Original and Regenerated Tail in the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis)

The postcranial skeleton of the gliding reptileCoelurosauravus elivensisPiveteau, 1926 (Diapsida, Weigeltisauridae) from the late Permian of Madagascar

The iliosacral joint in lizards: an osteological and histological analysis

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