Caudal lumbar vertebral fractures in<scp>C</scp>alifornia<scp>Q</scp>uarter<scp>H</scp>orse and<scp>T</scp>horoughbred racehorses

Collar, E. M.; Zavodovskaya, Regina; Spriet, Mathieu; Hitchens, Peta L.; Wisner, T.; Uzal, Francisco A.; Stover, Susan M.

doi:10.1111/evj.12334

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory at the University of California-Davis and a diverse group of veterinary specialists in equine orthopedics, bone pathology, biomechanics, and epidemiology for more "in-depth" analysis of these injuries has greatly enhanced our program and led to breakthrough scientific information over the past 25 years. [1][2][3]7,10,13,[17][18][19][20][21]23,26,27,[31][32][33][34]36,37,39,[41][42][43] This research has improved the understanding of the clinical signs, etiopathogenesis, and risk factors associated with catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in racehorses. The 2 most important concepts that were identified during the course of our postmortem program were that injuries occur at consistent locations and in characteristic configurations for each specific bone, and that preexisting pathologic conditions commonly precede catastrophic injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31,38 Periosteal remodeling or periosteal calluses are indicators of preexisting bone inflammation and repair associated with stress fractures and are typically found in specific locations in each bone (Stover S, et al Diagnostic workup of upper-limb stress fractures). 7,10,24,36,38,43 A consistent, systematic approach to the autopsy of equine athletes is critical in generating data that can be used to develop injury-prevention strategies. The use of the appropriate anatomic and pathology terminology is very important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic approach to catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in racehorses

et al. 2017

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Catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries are the most common cause of euthanasia or spontaneous death in racehorses, and the most common cause of jockey falls with potential for serious human injury. Horses are predisposed to the vast majority of these injuries by preexisting lesions that can be prevented by early diagnosis and adequate bone injury management. A thorough examination of the musculoskeletal system in racehorses often determines the cause of these injuries and generates data to develop injury prevention strategies. We describe the diagnostic approach to musculoskeletal injury, review the methodology for the examination of racehorse limbs, and provide anatomy and pathology tools to perform an organized and thorough postmortem examination of the musculoskeletal system in equine athletes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic approach to catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in racehorses

et al. 2017

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“…The majority of bone fractures in racehorses are secondary to preexisting stress fractures or subchondral bone stress remodeling. 1,4,8,[17][18][19][20] (Stover SM. Diagnostic workup of upper-limb stress fractures and proximal sesamoid bone stress remodeling.…”

Section: Pathologic Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nomenclature, classification, and documentation of catastrophic fractures and associated preexisting injuries in racehorses

Stover

2017

J VET Diagn Invest

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Racehorses are susceptible to bone fractures when damage from repetitive, high-magnitude loads incurred during training and racing exceed concurrent damage removal and replacement, resulting in transient periods of focal osteoporosis and bone weakening. Clinically, these events correspond to cortical stress fractures and subchondral bone stress remodeling. Evidence of these preexisting lesions include periosteal callus, endosteal callus, and intracortical focal hyperemia for cortical stress fractures; and subchondral focal hyperemia located superficial to sclerotic compacted trabecular bone tissue for subchondral stress remodeling. These findings must be in direct physical association with an acute fracture to infer that the abnormalities precipitated complete bone fracture. Recognition of preexisting lesions must be conveyed in the autopsy report to the racehorse industry audience because this is the mechanism for education of racehorse trainers, veterinarians, and owners. Standardized anatomic nomenclature, fracture classification, and documentation of gross autopsy findings specific to catastrophic bone fractures in racehorses provides information to empower changes in management of racehorses for the detection and management of mild injuries and prevention of catastrophic fractures.

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“…Reports of lumbar vertebral fractures have been limited to racing Thoroughbreds and Quarter Horses (Jeffcott and Whitwell ; Jeffcott ; Haussler and Stover ; Collar et al . ). Complete fractures of the vertebral body have been described as a catastrophic injury diagnosed post‐mortem (Collar et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Complete fractures of the vertebral body have been described as a catastrophic injury diagnosed post‐mortem (Collar et al . ). Stress‐fractures have been diagnosed on scintigraphy and incidentally on post‐mortem examination and are thought to primarily involve the laminae of the vertebrae (Steckel et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumbar fractures in a 5‐year‐old Warmblood cross gelding

Nagy

Quiney

2019

Equine Veterinary Education

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This case report describes multiple lumbar vertebral fractures in a 5-year-old Warmblood cross gelding used for low-level exercise, with no known history of trauma. Clinical signs included intermittent severe pain, distress and unwillingness to move. When the horse was in less severe pain, he tilted the pelvis to one side when walking and also when trotting. Fracture of the 6th lumbar vertebral body was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography and confirmed by post-mortem computed tomography. Post-mortem examination also revealed a complete fracture of the 3rd lumbar vertebral body. Previously, lumbar fractures have only been reported in racing breeds and ante mortem diagnosis has been limited to scintigraphy.

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Caudal lumbar vertebral fractures inCaliforniaQuarterHorse andThoroughbred racehorses

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Diagnostic approach to catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in racehorses

Diagnostic approach to catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in racehorses

Nomenclature, classification, and documentation of catastrophic fractures and associated preexisting injuries in racehorses

Lumbar fractures in a 5‐year‐old Warmblood cross gelding

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