Cationic polymerization of styrene on the surface of graphite expanded

Abstract

Cationic polymerization of styrene initiated by the CO ϩ ClO 4 Ϫ group on the surface of expanded graphite (EG) was carried out for modifying the surface properties of graphite. The initiating sites were achieved by the reaction of EG with SOCl 2 and followed by AgClO 4 . Subsequently, the cationic polymerization of styrene was conducted to afford polystyrene brush on EG. The influence factors, such as polymerization time and temperature, on the polymerization including the grafting ratio and efficiency were investigated.

Growth of polystyrene films via gas‐phase polymerization with [Pd(CH3CN)4][BF4]2 thin film catalyst

“…The in situ monitoring of the styrene polymerization of the multilayer Pd‐salt film revealed that the polymerization occurs not just at the surface of the film, but within the entire catalyst film. Our study clearly underscores the utility of using QCM as a tool for monitoring the kinetics of polymerization on surfaces 10–14…”

Preparation and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)‐intercalated graphite oxide/poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposite

“…The results of the elementary analysis of the dried GO listed in Table 1 demonstrate that the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen is approximately 15:2. Compared with the ideal GO compound, C 8 O 2 (OH) 2 , its oxidation degree is low (24), but it is much higher than that of EG (the atomic ratio was 155:1) reported by Wang and Pan (25).…”

“…The existence of oxygen in GO must result from the oxidation of graphite, which might be present as C-O-C and C-OH groups. It was reported that carboxyl groups may exist on the surface of GO particles (25). In order to confirm whether these functional groups existed in the GOs, their FT-IR spectra were measured, and Fig.…”

Functionalization of Graphene Sheets via Chemically Grafting of PMMA Chains Throughin-situPolymerization

“…There are several reports which are related to modifying of graphene nanoparticles (GN) through the grafting of organic and polymeric molecules onto graphene surface. The grafting of polystyrene (PS) onto expanded graphite (EG), with cationic initiation and ethylene oxide onto particles were reported by Wang and Pan (16,17). Tsubokawa et al reported the grafting of PMMA and PS onto GN surface by anionic polymerization and modified graphite with n-butyl lithium (18).…”