Cationic inhalable particles for enhanced drug delivery to M. tuberculosis infected macrophages

A calcium hydroxide/oleic acid/phospholipid nanoparticle induced cancer cell apoptosis by the combination of intracellular calcium overload and lactic acidosis elimination

“…This is because amphiphilic PL formed a lipid bilayer on the surface of Ca(OH) 2 -OA NPs via a hydrophobic interaction between PL and OA, such that the exposed hydrophilic end led to a great enhancement in hydrophilicity. Based on the above results, it was speculated that the negatively-charged and hydrophilic Ca(OH) 2 -OA/PL NPs with a suitable particle size of about 100 nm favored escape from capture by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) 33 in blood circulation as well as targeting tumors by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. 34 In order to endow the nanoparticles with the ability to induce calcium overload in cancer cells, CUR as an inhibitor of plasma membrane calcium ATP-ase (PMCA) 35 was loaded into Ca(OH) 2 -OA/PL NPs to prevent the extracellular efflux of Ca 2+ .…”

Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Eliminating Intracellular Bacteria

“…Agarwal and co‐workers synthesized PLGA microparticles of different sizes (500 nm, 1 µm, and 2 µm), with and without poly‐ l ‐lysine modification resulting in cationic and anionic PLGA microparticles, respectively. [ 64 ] Compared with anionic PLGA microparticles, cationic PLGA microparticles were easily phagocytosed by H37Rv M. tuberculosis ‐infected THP‐1 macrophages and mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) regardless of their size (Figure 3B). This suggested that surface charge is more effective than size in regulating phagocytosis by macrophages when the size of microparticles was larger than 500 nm, although the result did not rule out the specific influence of poly‐ l ‐lysine on phagocytosis.…”

“…B) Schematic diagram of cationic inhalable microparticle for enhanced drug delivery to M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages and the effect of microparticle surface charge on uptake by M. tuberculosis-infected THP-1 macrophages and BMDMs. Reproduced with permission [64]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier.…”

Thiol-Michael Addition Microparticles: Their Synthesis, Characterization, and Uptake by Macrophages

“…When the surface charge of PLGA microparticles was modified from neutral to cationic with poly-L-lysine, the positively charged microparticles were more easily internalized by THP-1 macrophages than those with the unmodified formulation. 22 Despite their wide use clinically, shortcomings of PGLA microparticles include their low yields and broad polydispersity. Although methods for synthesizing PLGA microparticles using emulsification have improved size uniformity, 23,24 the particles are still polydisperse such that studies have reported polydispersity indices of 0.17−0.21.…”

“…Sun et al found that 0.5 μm PLGA particles were more readily taken up by RAW 264.7 macrophages than those with a 2 μm diameter. When the surface charge of PLGA microparticles was modified from neutral to cationic with poly- l -lysine, the positively charged microparticles were more easily internalized by THP-1 macrophages than those with the unmodified formulation . Despite their wide use clinically, shortcomings of PGLA microparticles include their low yields and broad polydispersity.…”