Cationic Cryptand Complexes of Tin(II)

Abstract

A series of cationic cryptand complexes of tin(II), [Cryptand[2.2.2]SnX][SnX(3)] (10, X = Cl; 11, X = Br; 12, X = I) and [Cryptand[2.2.2]Sn][OTf](2) (13), were synthesized by the addition of cryptand[2.2.2] to a solution of either tin(II) chloride, iodide, or trifluoromethanesulfonate. The complexes could also be synthesized by the addition of the appropriate trimethylsilyl halide (or pseudohalide) reagent to a solution of tin(II) chloride and cryptand[2.2.2]. The complexes were characterized using a variety of techniques including NMR, Raman, and temperature-dependent Mössbauer spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction.

Reactive p-block cations stabilized by weakly coordinating anions

“…Another germanium containing dication was synthesized with the encapsulating cryptand[2.2.2], 355 and a few years later the analogous tin complex. 356 Today, quite a few different crown ether complexes of germanium are known as well ( Table 9 ). 357 By using other well stabilizing chelating N-donor ligands, it was also possible to isolate [(L)Ge] 2+ cations.…”

Different Complexation Behavior of P‐Functionalized Ferrocene Derivatives Towards SnCl2, SnCl4 and SnPh2Cl2: Auto‐ionization and Redox‐Type Reactions

“…The molecular structure is shown in Figure 2, and selected interatomic distances and angles are given in Ta ble 1.The tin atom is tetracoordinated by O(1), O(4), Cl(1), Cl(2) and exhibits ad istorted y-trigo- (10), Sn(1)ÀO(1) 2.603(2), Sn(1)ÀO(4)2.352(2), Sn(1)ÀO(7) 2.263(2),S n(1)ÀO(10) 2.520(2), P(1)ÀO(1) 1.470(3), P(2)ÀO(4) 1.483(3), P(3)ÀO(7) 1.480(3), P(4)ÀO(10) 1.485(2). Selected interatomic angles [8]: O(1)-Sn(1)-O (7) 160.04 (9), O(4)-Sn(1)-O(10)1 61.16 (8), Cl(1)-Sn(1)-O(1) 85.61(6), Cl(1)-Sn(1)-O(4) 91.29 (6), Cl(1)-Sn(1)-O(7) 90.82 (7), Cl(1)-Sn(1)-O(1)8 6.22 (6).…”

“…[5] As imilar approachw as used by Jambor et al for the synthesis of C. [1h] Auto-ionization of SnCl 2 was also achieved by employing chelating arsine ligands as well as crown ethers and cryptands providing compounds D, [6] E, [7] F, [8] and G-I. [9] Ferrocene (Fc) has becomeapopular backbone for av ariety of chelate ligands because the presence of aF cu nit provides i) ac onvenient 3D environment for buildingv ariousc helating structures,i i) the possibility of planar chirality (ina ddition to atom chirality in the side branches), and iii)awell-definede lectrochemical response sensitive to the changesi nt he ligating branches (conformation,c oordination, donor-acceptor and Lewisa cid-base interactions). Amongs uch ligands, the phosphorus-substituted representatives J-V [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] (Scheme2)h ave been reporteda nd their complexationb ehavior towards transition metal cations has been explored.…”

The Pentamethylcyclopentadienylsilicon(II) Cation: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity

“…In the context with crown ether coordination to divalent Group 14 elements, it has to be mentioned that only recently several surprisingly stable complexes with divalent germanium or tin have been isolated and structurally characterized 103–106…”