Cation exchanges of human erythrocytes

Maizels, Montague; Remington, Mary P.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1959.sp006168

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results of Valberg et al (28) indicate that washing of erythrocytes with magnesium chloride or choline-Tris buffer does not interfere with the determination of the intracellular potassium. The use of washed erythrocytes for the determination of sodium has been criticized (19,26). However, as the "easily exchangeable" fraction of intracellular sodium has been found to consist of plasma sodium (see discussion in (2)) the objections to the use of washed erythrocytes for determination of intracellular sodium are no longer valid.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium, Potassium and Water Content of Human Fetal and Maternal Plasma and Red Blood Cells

1970

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Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium, Potassium and Water Content of Human Fetal and Maternal Plasma and Red Blood Cells

1970

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“…External Li appears to affect the Na pump in at least three ways, (1) by exerting a K-like action, (2) by exerting a Na-free or choline-like action and (3) by exerting a Na-like action. Li has a K-like action in red cells (Maizels & Remington, 1959; McConaghey & Maizels, 1962;Whittam & Agar, 1964), mammalian non-myelinated nerve (Rang & Ritchie, 1968a) and frog muscle (Sjodin & Beauge, personal communication); while in crab nerve it seems to have mainly a choline-like action (Baker & Connelly, 1966). The squid axon is the first tissue in which external Li has been shown to exert a clear Na-like action on Na-K exchange.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ouabain‐sensitive fluxes of sodium and potassium in squid giant axons

Baker¹,

Blaustein²,

Keynes³

et al. 1969

The Journal of Physiology

305

136

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SUMMARY1. Fifty to ninety per cent of the Na efflux from axons of Loligo forbesi is inhibited by ouabain. The properties of the ouabain-sensitive component of the Na efflux are different from those of the ouabain-insensitive component.2. In unpoisoned axons with an average Na content of 75 m-mole/kg axoplasm the bulk of the ouabain-sensitive Na efflux is dependent on external K.3. In the presence of 460 mm Na in the external medium, raising the external K concentration from 0 to 100 mm increases the ouabain-sensitive Na efflux along a sigmoid curve which shows signs of saturating at high K concentrations.4. The curve relating ouabain-sensitive K influx to external K concentration is similar in shape to that for the ouabain-sensitive Na efflux. At all K concentrations examined the ouabain-sensitive K influx was less than the ouabain-sensitive Na efflux.5. Potassium-free sea water acts rapidly in reducing the Na efflux. There is no appreciable difference between the rates of action of K-free sea water on the Na pump and Na-free sea water on the action potential.6. Caesium and Rb can replace external K in activating the ouabainsensitive Na efflux. Both the affinity and maximum rate of the Na efflux mechanism are lower when Cs replaces K as the activating cation. P. F. BAKER AND OTHERS 7. Isosmotic replacement of external Na by either choline or dextrose, but not Li, increases the affinity of the ouabain-sensitive Na efflux mechanism for external K without appreciably affecting the maximum rate of pumping. External Li behaves like external Na and exerts an inhibitory action on the Na efflux.8. There is a large ouabain-sensitive Na efflux into K-free choline or dextrose sea waters. Addition of either Na or Li to the external medium reduces this efflux along a section of a rectangular hyperbola. The properties of this efflux suggest that there is a residual K concentration of up to 2 mm immediately external to the pumping sites in the axolemma.9. Over the range of internal Na concentrations studied (16-140 mmole/kg axoplasm) the ouabain-sensitive Na efflux increased linearly with Na concentration.10. Tetrodotoxin (10-6 g/ml.) reduces the Na influx by about half, but does not affect the ouabain-sensitive Na efflux.11. Isobutanol (1 % v/v) reversibly decreases both the ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-insensitive components of the Na efflux.12. Application of 2 mm cyanide to axons immersed in K-free sea water produces a transient rise in the Na efflux. This rise is not seen if ouabain is included in the sea water. The rise in efflux occurs at a time when the axons are partially poisoned and contain adenosine triphosphate (ATP) but no arginine phosphate (ArgP). A similar, but maintained rise can be obtained after application of dinitrophenol (DNP) at pH 8-0. The increased Na efflux in these partially poisoned axons is also inhibited by ouabain.13. Under conditions of partial-poisoning by alkaline DNP, there is a ouabain-sensitive Na influx from K-free sea water. The ouabain-sensitive Na influx is of similar size to the ouab...

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“…The reason for believing that lithium salts are not transported along the transceIlular route is that in vitro studies on erythrocyte ghosts have shown that Na,K-ATPase does not transport lithium (Maizels et al 1959, Duhm et al 1976. Lithium might diffuse from the tubular fluid into the tubular cells but would not be transported out of the tubular cells by Na,K-ATPase localized in the lateral cell membrane.…”

mentioning

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Evidence for bicarbonate‐dependent lithium reabsorption in dog kidneys

Hartmann

Holdaas

Steen

et al. 1984

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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To examine whether lithium is reabsorbed along a transcellular or a paracellular route, experiments were performed in anesthetized volume-expanded dogs under conditions of constant glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Quabain, in doses inhibiting about 80% of Na, K-ATPase, and ethacrynic acid, another inhibitor of transcellular NaCl reabsorption, did not inhibit lithium or bicarbonate reabsorption. Lithium reabsorption increased in proportion to plasma concentration of lithium (PLi) up to 12 mM, suggesting a passive transport of lithium. During ouabain administration acetazolamide halved bicarbonate reabsorption, the main driving force for paracellular reabsorption, and halved the reabsorption of lithium. The reabsorbate concentration of lithium, calculated from data obtained before and after acetazolamide infusion, was almost equal to PLi. Mannitol, which reduces paracellular osmotic transport without affecting bicarbonate reabsorption, reduced lithium and chloride reabsorption in the same proportion as acetazolamide (r = 0.87). Combined acetazolamide and mannitol administration reduced fractional lithium reabsorption to 0.09 +/- 0.02. These data indicate that lithium is not actively transported but reabsorbed passively along a paracellular route by osmotic forces provided by transcellular NaHCO3 reabsorption.

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Cation exchanges of human erythrocytes

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Sodium, Potassium and Water Content of Human Fetal and Maternal Plasma and Red Blood Cells

Sodium, Potassium and Water Content of Human Fetal and Maternal Plasma and Red Blood Cells

The ouabain‐sensitive fluxes of sodium and potassium in squid giant axons

Evidence for bicarbonate‐dependent lithium reabsorption in dog kidneys

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