Cation and anion (de)intercalation into MXene/Perovskite oxides for high-rate intercalation pseudocapacitance

Tomar, Anuj Kumar; Kshetri, Tolendra; Kim, Nam Hoon; Lee, Joong Hee

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2022.05.012

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 1a , we adopted the LiF + HCl etching strategy, which is one of the most popular techniques, to remove Al from the MAX phase of Ti 3 AlC 2 and initiate Li + intercalation to weaken the interlayer attraction, which facilitated the subsequent delamination. [ 2a ] The LiF+HCl scheme is a relatively safe method, as it does not require the use of concentrated hydrofluoric acid. Moreover, this scheme has more viability for being scaled up to industrial production and application compared to the traditional two‐step method (etching by hydrofluoric acid and intercalation by organic solvents or organic alkalis).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio of monolayer and bilayer in L PFD ‐Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene is higher than that in the MXene material prepared by sonication–exfoliation method . [ 2a ] Considering the effect of restacking and folding of MXene nanosheets in the sample preparation step before thickness analysis, the actual monolayer ratio should be higher. Thus, the PFD strategy can easily produce MXene flakes with high yield, large‐area and excellent performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The family of MXenes (general formula: M n +1 X n T x , M is transitional metal, X is carbon or nitrogen, T x represents surface terminations, n = 1–3) is one of the latest additions to 2D materials composed of transition‐metal nitrides, carbides, or carbonitrides. [ 1 ] These novel 2D materials have a broad range of promising applications in various fields, including energy storage, [ 2 ] catalysis, [ 3 ] superconductivity, [ 4 ] and electromagnetic shielding. [ 5 ] To date, about 30 distinct MXenes materials have been reportedly prepared in the laboratory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical stability of the amphoteric Al layer is relatively weak compared to that of the strong Ti 3 C 2 layer. Therefore, the Al atomic layer can be selectively removed from the MAX phases by using etching reagents such as acids, [ 1 , 2 , 7 ] bases, [ 8 ] or molten salts. [ 9 ] After the removal of the Al atomic layers via etching with HF, the 2D nanomaterial Ti 3 C 2 T x (where T x represents the surface terminations =O, —OH, and —F) with an inherent ultrathin structure is obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 12 ] In addition, to promote multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x delamination, Ghidiu et al reportedly used Li + ions as intercalators to fill and expand the Ti 3 C 2 T x layers, and the corresponding exfoliation yield and colloidal concentration were 45% and 2 mg mL –1 , respectively. [ 2a ] In these typical intercalation–exfoliation strategies, the utilization of ultrasound is essential. [ 10a ] However, ultrasonic treatment results in the formation of basal‐plane defects and reduces the lateral size of monolayer MXenes, leading to a decrease in the electrical conductivity of these materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Large‐Area MXenes with High Yields through Power‐Focused Delamination Utilizing Vortex Kinetic Energy

et al. 2022

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Evaluating the delamination process in the synthesis of MXenes (2D transition metal carbides and nitrides) is critical for their development and applications. However, the preparation of large defect-free MXene flakes with high yields is challenging. Here, a power-focused delamination (PFD) strategy is demonstrated that can enhance both the delamination efficiency and yield of large Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets through repetitive precipitation and vortex shaking processes. Following this protocol, a colloidal concentration of 20.4 mg mL -1 of the Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene can be achieved after five PFD cycles, and the yield of the basal-plane-defect-free Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets reaches 61.2%, which is 6.4-fold higher than that obtained using the sonication-exfoliation method. Both nanometer-thin devices and self-supporting films exhibit excellent electrical conductivities (≈25 000 and 8260 S cm -1 for a 1.8 nm thick monolayer and 11 μm thick film, respectively). Hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the PFD method can efficiently concentrate the shear stress on the surface of the unexfoliated material, leading to the exfoliation of the nanosheets. The PFD-synthesized large MXene nanosheets exhibit superior electrical conductivities and electromagnetic shielding (shielding effectiveness per unit volume: 35 419 dB cm 2 g -1 ). Therefore, the PFD strategy provides an efficient route for the preparation of high-performance single-layer MXene nanosheets with large areas and high yields.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of Large‐Area MXenes with High Yields through Power‐Focused Delamination Utilizing Vortex Kinetic Energy

et al. 2022

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Metal Single‐Site Molecular Complex–MXene Heteroelectrocatalysts Interspersed Graphene Nanonetwork for Efficient Dual‐Task of Water Splitting and Metal–Air Batteries

Nguyễn

Tran

Dinh

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Development of multifunctional electrocatalysts with high efficiency and stability is of great interest in recent energy conversion technologies. Herein, a novel heteroelectrocatalyst of molecular iron complex (FeMC)‐carbide MXene (Mo2TiC2Tx) uniformly embedded in a 3D graphene‐based hierarchical network (GrH) is rationally designed. The coexistence of FeMC and MXene with their unique interactions triggers optimum electronic properties, rich multiple active sites, and favorite free adsorption energy for excellent trifunctional catalytic activities. Meanwhile, the highly porous GrH effectively promotes a multichannel architecture for charge transfer and gas/ion diffusion to improve stability. Therefore, the FeMC–MXene/GrH results in superb performances towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline medium. The practical tests indicate that Zn/Al–air batteries derived from FeMC–MXene/GrH cathodic electrodes produce high power densities of 165.6 and 172.7 mW cm−2, respectively. Impressively, the liquid‐state Zn–air battery delivers excellent cycling stability of over 1100 h. In addition, the alkaline water electrolyzer induces a low cell voltage of 1.55 V at 10 mA cm−2 and 1.86 V at 0.4 A cm−2 in 30 wt.% KOH at 80 °C, surpassing recent reports. The achievements suggest an exciting multifunctional electrocatalyst for electrochemical energy applications.

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Hierarchical Integrated Hybrid Structural Electrodes Based on Co‐N/C and Mo‐doped NiCo‐LDH@Co‐N/C Anchored on MX/CF for High Energy Density Fiber‐Shaped Supercapacitor

Khumujam

Kshetri

Singh

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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The judicious design of highly electrochemically active materials on 1D fiber substrate to form a hierarchical integrated hybrid structure is an efficient technique to improve the limited cylindrical space and volumetric energy density of fiber‐shaped supercapacitors (FSCs). Herein, a 3D negative electrode, consisting of vertically aligned interconnected mesoporous Co‐N/C leaf‐like structure on 1D MXene‐carbon fiber (Co‐N/C@MX/CF) is prepared by controlling the composition and morphology. At the same time, a 3D positive electrode is also prepared by introducing Mo in NiCo‐LDH anchored on Co‐N/C@MX/CF (Mo‐NiCo‐LDH@Co‐N/C@MX/CF) by electrodeposition method. Benefitting from the systematic hierarchical structures with highly accessible surface area, adequate pore size and easy permeation of electrolyte, both positive and negative electrodes demonstrate highly improved electrochemical performance with areal capacity/capacitance of 0.96 mAh cm−2/4.55 mF cm−2 at a current density of 3.86 mA cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the fiber‐shaped solid‐state hybrid supercapacitor (FSHSC) based on Mo1.5NiCo‐LDH@Co‐N/C@MX/CF(+)//Co‐N/C0.5@MX/CF(−) is fabricated, exhibiting compelling energy density of 86.72 mWh cm−3 at a power density of 480.30 mW cm−3 with an outstanding capacitance retention of 80.2% after 20000 galvanostatic‐charge‐discharge cycles. This study puts forward a new perspective on the development of highly efficient FSCs for practical application.

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Cation and anion (de)intercalation into MXene/Perovskite oxides for high-rate intercalation pseudocapacitance

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Synthesis of Large‐Area MXenes with High Yields through Power‐Focused Delamination Utilizing Vortex Kinetic Energy

Synthesis of Large‐Area MXenes with High Yields through Power‐Focused Delamination Utilizing Vortex Kinetic Energy

Metal Single‐Site Molecular Complex–MXene Heteroelectrocatalysts Interspersed Graphene Nanonetwork for Efficient Dual‐Task of Water Splitting and Metal–Air Batteries

Hierarchical Integrated Hybrid Structural Electrodes Based on Co‐N/C and Mo‐doped NiCo‐LDH@Co‐N/C Anchored on MX/CF for High Energy Density Fiber‐Shaped Supercapacitor

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