Catheter-tip gauge for measuring blood flow velocity and vessel diameter in dogs.

Pieper, Heinz P.; Paul, L. T.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1968.24.2.259

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Many different methods have been developed for the continuous measurement of vascular diameter. For larger blood vessels such as the aorta and its main branches, the following two methods have mainly been adopted: (i) the method utilizing a strain gauge-type transducer [12,13], and (ii) one applying a differential transformer-type transducer [14]. These methods, however, have a significant disadvantage because the blood vessel under examination may be injured or not uniformly restricted by the transducers attached directly to the vessel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Biomechanical and Histological Properties in Dog Carotid Arteries Injured by Neointima or Intimal Thickening

Goto

Mizuno

Ono

et al. 2005

JJP

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A general formula (Oka and Azuma's equation) has been rigorously derived for the circumferential wall tension in a hollow cylindrical tube in equilibrium. To evaluate the validity and usefulness of Oka and Azuma's equation, T = P 1 × r 1 -P 2 × r 2 (T, circumferential wall tension; P 1 and P 2 , internal and external pressures of the tube; r 1 and r 2 , the corresponding internal and external radii), we experimentally investigated changes in circumferential wall tension of noninjured (control) and injured dog common carotid arteries by using a newly developed apparatus with a photo-and X-ray-sensitive image sensor. We also studied histological features of the control and injured arteries with special reference to the relation of biomechanical properties. Two types of animal models with injured arteriesballoon-induced neointima or external collar-induced intimal thickening-were adopted in the present study. In the control arteries, the circumferential wall tension was experimentally confirmed to change from negative to positive by an increase in intraluminal pressure ranging from 50 to 180 mmHg. The critical intraluminal pressure that produced 0 dyne/cm of the circumferential wall tension was around 135 mmHg. The activaAzuma and Oka [1] examined the validity of applying the law of Laplace to the mechanical equilibrium

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Biomechanical and Histological Properties in Dog Carotid Arteries Injured by Neointima or Intimal Thickening

Goto

Mizuno

Ono

et al. 2005

JJP

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“…Thus far, observations on responses of the canine vena cava have been restricted to the superior vena cava, the supradiaphragmatic portion (segment A) and the infrarenal portion (segment D) of the inferior vena cava (IRISAWA et al, 1959 ;Dow and FRY, 1968;PIEPER and PAUL, 1968;KARIM and ALI, 1969 ;GUN-THEROTH and CHAKMAKJIAN, 1971;YATES and ANLIKER, 1974 ;LAROCHELLE and OGILVIE, 1976). In many of these investigations, the method used was to measure the diameter of the vein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method for recording vascular tone with an intravascular cuff and its application to the canine inferior vena cava in vivo.

et al. 1981

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An intravascular cuff was devised with a short plastic cylinder and a latex membrane wrapping it, in order to examine the responsiveness of the canine inferior vena cava in vivo. The cuff was inflated by injecting saline through a catheter to make the membrane contact the vascular wall closely, and the change in the cuff pressure was recorded. An in vitro experiment with an isolated segment of the vein proved that the cuff detected quantitatively the active response of the vascular smooth muscle to norepinephrine (NE). The sensitivity to NE under this experimental condition was equal to that obtained previously with the isolated strip preparation. In the in vivo experiments, the cuff inserted into the segment between the liver and the renal veins of the inferior vena cava exhibited spontaneous rhythmic changes in pressure. In response to NE injected intravenously, dose-dependent increases in cuff pressure were observed. The responses recorded with the intravascular cuff were considered to be predominantly the active tension of the vascular smooth muscle, since influences of intestinal motion and changes in venous pressure on the cuff pressure were ruled out. The cuff picked up the response of the supradiaphragmatic segment of the inferior vena cava as well. The method seems to be useful for measuring the tone of larger veins.In previous studies (TSURU et al., 1976;SHIGEI et al., 1978 ;ICHIKAWA et al., 1979), we reported that isolated strips of the canine inferior vena cava exhibited marked differences in response to several vasoactive agents and transmural electrical stimulation among three embryologically distinct segments : the supradiaphragmatic (segment A), the infrarenal (segment D) and the segment between the diaphragm and the renal veins (segment B-C). These segments also showed differences in their histological features.In particular, the segment B-C is different from the other segments in many respects, for it is rich in longitudinal smooth muscle and adrenergic innervation.

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“…Current methods for measuring instantaneous vessel diameter may be divided into three categories according to the limitations imposed by their use: 1) methods which are only applicable in post mortem specimens [12], 2) methods which can be used in viable biological Systems but require surgical exposure of the vessel at the measurement site [3,4,8,13,15]; and 3) methods using a catheter mounted [10,16] or external probe [l, 2, 6, 9] which can be applied clinically. Methods which do not require surgery on tissue adjacent to the blood vessel are most likely to produce accurate physiological measurements and, thus, only techniques that fall into the third category can be considered for valid application to research and clinical studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Catheter-Tip Ultrasonic Transducer for Measuring Pulsatile Aortic Diameter and Pressure Elastic Modulus

Grahn¹,

Paul²,

Wessel³

1974

Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering

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Eine Ultraschallkathetersonde mit einer Ausgangsleistung von 10 MHz und dazugehöriger Elektronik wurde zur Bestimmung des instantanen Gefäßdurchmessers entwickelt. Die Sonde läßt sich leicht eichen, und die Katheterkonstruktion ermöglicht Fixierung der Sonde im arteriellen Lumen. Die in-vitro-Bestimmung zeigte einen maximalen Meßfehler unter 5% bei allen Durchmessern. Bei drei narkotisierten Hunden (Gewicht: 14,5, 10,4 und 15kg) wurde an sieben und acht Stellen der thorakalen und abdominellen Aorta der Durchmesser und Druck gemessen. Gleichzeitig angefertigte Angiogramme wurden zur Überprüfung des Durchmessers herangezogen. In der oberen thorakalen Aorta betrug der Durchmesser 13,4, 12,9 bzw. 13,6mm und fiel in der unteren Aorta abdominalis auf 5,80, 2,82 bzw. 6,72mm ab. Die mittlere Änderung des Durchmessers an der Aorta während des Herzzyklus betrug 5,83, 8,44 bzw. 5,34%. Der Unterschied der Durchmesserbestimmung mittels Ultraschall bzw. Angiographie betrug im Mittel -5,9, -8,0 und + 0,1 %. Der berechnete elastische Modul der Gefäßstrukturen schwankte zwischen 0,357 und 0,840, 0,193 und 0,932 und 0,332 und 1,18 10 6 dyn/cm 2 . Es kann daraus der Schluß gezogen werden, daß diese auf Ultraschall basierende Methode zur Bestimmung der Größe des arteriellen Gefäßdurchmessers während eines Herzzyklus herangezogen werden kann. In Kombination mit instantaner Geschwindigkeitsmessung erlaubt diese Methode die Abschätzung des momentanen Volumenflusses.A ten MHz ultrasonic catheter probe and associated electronics were developed for determination of instantaneous vessel diameter (D). The probe can be stabilized in large vessels and is readily calibrated. Italics evaluation indicated a maximum error in measured D from all sources of less than 5%. In three anesthetized dogs (Wgt: 14.5, 10.4, and 15 kg) instantaneous D and pressure were measured at seven and eight locations in the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta. Angiograms were used to measure D independently. In the upper thoracic aorta D was 13.4, 12.9, and 13.6mm respectively and decreased to 5.80, 2.82, and 6.72mm in the lower abdominal aorta. Mean change of D along the aorta throughout the cardiac cycle was 5.83, 8.44, and 5.34%. The difference between mean diameter measured by ultrasonic and angiographic methods averaged -5.9, -8.0, and 4-0.1 %. The calculated pressure elastic moduli varied between 0.357 and 0.840, 0.193 and 0.932, and 0.332 and 1.18 10& dyn/ cm2. We conclude that this ultrasonic method can accurately determine the time course of arterial vessel diameter throughout the cardiac cycle. In combination with instantaneous velocity measurements this method permits computation of instantaneous volume flow.

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Catheter-tip gauge for measuring blood flow velocity and vessel diameter in dogs.

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Biomechanical and Histological Properties in Dog Carotid Arteries Injured by Neointima or Intimal Thickening

Comparison of Biomechanical and Histological Properties in Dog Carotid Arteries Injured by Neointima or Intimal Thickening

A new method for recording vascular tone with an intravascular cuff and its application to the canine inferior vena cava in vivo.

A Catheter-Tip Ultrasonic Transducer for Measuring Pulsatile Aortic Diameter and Pressure Elastic Modulus

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