Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections at a Hospital in Zinvie, Benin (West Africa)

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common nosocomial infections. They are progressively becoming a serious and very recurrent public health problem in Africa. With respect to the limited data available on this situation in Benin, the present study was conducted. Objectives: Its objective was to determine the prevalence of the urinary tract infections among catheterized patients at a hospital in Zinvie (Benin). Patients and Methods:This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 inpatients from the Services of Emergencies, Medicine and Surgery of the hospital. Urine was collected twice per patient: 10 minutes and 48 hours after the insertion of the catheter. All urine samples were subjected to bacteriological analyses. The sensitivity of bacteria isolates was tested with prescribed antibiotics in the hospital. Hygiene practices during catheterization were recorded by direct observation using a checklist. Results: Two days later, (48 hours after the catheterization), 14 patients out of 60 (23.33%) presented with a urinary infection, of which 1 patient (1.66%) was already infected before the process. Gram-negative bacteria were the most isolated bacteria (79%), with Escherichia coli as the most identified species (63%) followed by Pseudomonas spp. (11%) and Acinetobacter spp. (5%). Gram-positive cocci isolates were essentially Staphylococcus aureus (21%). All bacteria isolates were multidrug resistant. Conclusions: Only a few number of health workers do respect hygiene rules before and after catheterization. Therefore, it is necessary to train health workers involved in such activities on good hygiene practices during catheterization.

Incidence and Etiology of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection among Admitted Patients at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, South Western Uganda

“…The findings of the current study indicated that CAUTI rates are higher in patients whose urethral catheters have stayed long compared to patients who had a short duration of catheterization (30.2% vs 7.2%, p = 0.001). This is congruent with previous findings [14] in Benin and Zambia. The longer the catheter stays in situ, the higher the probability of developing CAUTI.…”

“…The predominance of Gram-negative bacilli more especially E. coli and K. pneumoniae is in agreement with the study done in Benin showing gram negative bacilli as the most common cause of hospital acquired CAUTI [14].…”

“…among postpartum women at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital [18] and incidence of 23% in Benin [14].…”

“…The risk of acquiring catheter-associated bacteriuria is five percent for each day the catheter is in situ from day 5, this increases to 100 percent when the urethral catheter is in place for four weeks [10]. The incidence was particularly higher in elderly patients which might be a result of a weakened immunity [14].…”

High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant Lagune (CHU-MEL) Reveals Implications of Poor Hygiene Practices in Healthcare

“…The incubated broths were analyzed using standard bacteriology techniques described by [19]. Isolated strains were then tested for antimicrobial susceptibility according to the recommendations of the Antibiotic Committee of the French Microbiology Society [20].…”