Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Intensive Care Unit Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are some of the most common hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Prolonged hospitalization, invasive devices such as catheters, and irrational use of antimicrobial agents are believed to be the major causes of high rates of HAIs. Infections such as pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis, and prostatitis are the main concerns in catheterized ICU patients. In these cases, Gram-negative bacteria are the most common bacteria. The present study was undertaken to determine the frequency, antibiograms, disease pattern, and risk factors involved in providing an advocacy recommendation to prevent CAUTI. A total of 1078 patients were admitted to the hospital ICU, out of which healthcare-associated infection was reported in 316 patients. CAUTI was reported only in 70 patients. Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%) was the predominant isolate, with Serratia (3%) and Providencia (3%) species being the least common isolates in this study. The present study provides CAUTI incidence rates in a tertiary care hospital in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, information on the risk factors of common associated CAUTI causative organisms and their antibiogram patterns are also presented. This study provides vital information that can be used to formulate an effective antibiotic stewardship program that can be implemented throughout the kingdom.

Pathogen Burden Among ICU Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Hail Saudi Arabia with Particular Reference to β-Lactamases Profile

“…This variation in clinical types might be due to the differences in the ICU precaution measures and patient population. The most common bacterial isolates reported from our study were K. pneumoniae (39, 24%), followed by A. baumannii (35,21.5%) and P. aeruginosa (25, 15.3%); other authors reported similar findings. 23 In another study by Agarwal et al, A. baumannii was the most common isolate, followed by P. aeruginosa in VAP patients.…”

“…These MDR pathogens are increasing the burden on the healthcare systems due to nosocomial infections in the ICU settings. [34][35][36] Our study showed that P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii produced three types of beta-lactamases, including MBL, ESBL, and AmpC. In contrast, K. pneumoniae isolates did not produce MBL.…”

Healthcare-associated Urinary tract infection and its determinants among Adult Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units of Addis Ababa Public Governmental Hospitals, Ethiopia; 2020

“…Gram negative bacteria (86%) specifically Acinto bacter spp (37%), klebsiella spp (16%), E-coli (11%) and Proteus spp (11%) were the main infectious agent in the study which in line with South, Ethiopian Study [14], Saudi Arabia [15], Ugandan [21] Mohammed Saber’s[1],, Indian[22-24], Fiji[25] and Romanian[26] ICU studies. The most dominant bacteria species in this study; Acinetobacter is commonly originated from water supplies of hospitals and contaminated materials [21].…”

“…An overall prevalence of Hospital acquired Urinary Tract infection in the two Hospital ICUs was 91 (23.3%) 95% CI ;(19.4-27.6%) and about 95.6% were associated with urinary catheterization under possibly assessed journals the study finding is the first prevalence report in our country which is particular to ICU. This prevalence of HAUTIs in the study area is much higher than findings of Mohd Saleem et al 6.4% [15], a study done in Italy 2.7% [3], 6.5% of Canadian survey [9], Oumer et al16.8% [14]…”

Urinary Tract Infections in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a Review

“…Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are among the most frequent hospital-acquired infections. There were around eleven publications on CAUTIs [45,47,48,54,56,57,61,62,66,67,74]. CAUTIs are the most common nosocomial infections in KSA, where they account for 7% [54], 20% [61] 22% [66], 24.4% [45], 28.5% [57], and 42% [48] of hospitalacquired infections.…”