Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Clostridioides difficile Colitis, Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Luzum, Matthew; Sebolt, Jonathan T.; Chopra, Vineet

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2020.02.004

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…CLABSI diagnosis can be made when culture results identify the same organism in at least the culture obtained as a peripheral stick and from a culture of the catheter tip. If the catheter is left in place, the diagnosis can be made if there are two blood samples being drawn (one from the catheter and one from a peripheral stick) that meet specific criteria for quantitative blood cultures or differential time to positivity [ 17 , 18 ]. To assess the discrepancy between the report of routine surveillance and the result of the longitudinal study, we referred to the hospital archive and reviewed the patients’ records.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, accuracy, and barriers of diagnosing healthcare-associated infections: a case study in southeast Iran

et al. 2023

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Background Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a threat to patients. Accurate surveillance is required to identify and prevent HAIs. To estimate the incidence rate, report the accuracy and identify the barriers of reporting HAIs using a mixed-method study. Methods In this quantitative study, we externally evaluated the incidence rate and accuracy of the routine surveillance system in one of the main hospitals by an active follow-up of patients from September to December 2021. We used in-depth interviews with 18 experts to identify the barriers of the routine surveillance system. Results Among 404 hospitalized patients, 88 HAIs were detected. The estimated rate of HAIs was 17.1 (95% Confidence Intervals 95: 14.1, 21.1) per 1000 patient-days follow-up. However, in the same period, 116 HAIs were reported by the routine surveillance system, but the agreement between the two approaches was low (sensitivity = 61.4%, specificity = 82.6%, negative predictive value = 89.7%, and positive predictive validity = 46.5%). The minimum and maximum positive predictive values were observed in urinary tract infection (32.3%) and surgical site infection (60.9%). The main barrier of reporting HAIs was lack of cooperation in reporting HAIs by infection control link nurses and laboratory supervisors. Conclusions The discrepancy between the longitudinal study findings and the routine surveillance might be related to the inaccessibility of the surveillance system to clinical information of patients. In this regard, decreasing the barriers, increasing the knowledge of infection control nurses and other nurses, as well as the development of hospital information systems are necessary.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, accuracy, and barriers of diagnosing healthcare-associated infections: a case study in southeast Iran

et al. 2023

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“…Biofilms can readily develop on the inner or outer surfaces of urinary catheters upon insertion, making it difficult the prevention of bacterial colonization by using mere hygienic procedures [ 26 ]. The dominant organisms isolated from urinary catheters are S. epidermidis , S. aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Escherichia coli [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Most Used Medical Devices: Chemical Composition Applications...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization and Infection of Indwelling Medical Devices by Staphylococcus aureus with an Emphasis on Orthopedic Implants

Pietrocola

Campoccia

Motta

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The use of indwelling medical devices has constantly increased in recent years and has revolutionized the quality of life of patients affected by different diseases. However, despite the improvement of hygiene conditions in hospitals, implant-associated infections remain a common and serious complication in prosthetic surgery, mainly in the orthopedic field, where infection often leads to implant failure. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of biomaterial-centered infection. Upon binding to the medical devices, these bacteria proliferate and develop dense communities encased in a protective matrix called biofilm. Biofilm formation has been proposed as occurring in several stages—(1) attachment; (2) proliferation; (3) dispersal—and involves a variety of host and staphylococcal proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous factors. Moreover, biofilm formation is strictly regulated by several control systems. Biofilms enable staphylococci to avoid antimicrobial activity and host immune response and are a source of persistent bacteremia as well as of localized tissue destruction. While considerable information is available on staphylococcal biofilm formation on medical implants and important results have been achieved on the treatment of biofilms, preclinical and clinical applications need to be further investigated. Thus, the purpose of this review is to gather current studies about the mechanism of infection of indwelling medical devices by S. aureus with a special focus on the biochemical factors involved in biofilm formation and regulation. We also provide a summary of the current therapeutic strategies to combat biomaterial-associated infections and highlight the need to further explore biofilm physiology and conduct research for innovative anti-biofilm approaches.

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“…Infection is a common and frequent complication associated with all types of biomedical materials, despite the infection rate varying greatly among different intended uses of various implantable devices ( Table 2 ) [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Orthopedic implants, such as the ankle, hip, knee, elbow, shoulder, and finger joint prosthetics, are made of metals (titanium alloys, stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy, etc.)…”

Section: Clinical Features Of Device-associated Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Designs for Implantable Medical Devices: Evolutions and Challenges

Cao

Qiao

Qin

2022

JFB

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The uses of implantable medical devices are safer and more common since sterilization methods and techniques were established a century ago; however, device-associated infections (DAIs) are still frequent and becoming a leading complication as the number of medical device implantations keeps increasing. This urges the world to develop instructive prevention and treatment strategies for DAIs, boosting the studies on the design of antibacterial surfaces. Every year, studies associated with DAIs yield thousands of publications, which here are categorized into four groups, i.e., antibacterial surfaces with long-term efficacy, cell-selective capability, tailored responsiveness, and immune-instructive actions. These innovations are promising in advancing the solution to DAIs; whereas most of these are normally quite preliminary “proof of concept” studies lacking exact clinical scopes. To help identify the flaws of our current antibacterial designs, clinical features of DAIs are highlighted. These include unpredictable onset, site-specific incidence, and possibly involving multiple and resistant pathogenic strains. The key point we delivered is antibacterial designs should meet the specific requirements of the primary functions defined by the “intended use” of an implantable medical device. This review intends to help comprehend the complex relationship between the device, pathogens, and the host, and figure out future directions for improving the quality of antibacterial designs and promoting clinical translations.

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Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Clostridioides difficile Colitis, Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

Incidence, accuracy, and barriers of diagnosing healthcare-associated infections: a case study in southeast Iran

Incidence, accuracy, and barriers of diagnosing healthcare-associated infections: a case study in southeast Iran

Colonization and Infection of Indwelling Medical Devices by Staphylococcus aureus with an Emphasis on Orthopedic Implants

Antibacterial Designs for Implantable Medical Devices: Evolutions and Challenges

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