Category fluency in schizophrenia: opposing effects of negative and positive symptoms?

Egeland, Jens; Holmen, Tom Langerud; Bang-Kittilsen, Gry; Bigseth, Therese Torgersen; Engh, John Abel

doi:10.1080/13546805.2017.1418306

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These reported differences may be driven by the variety of the presented stimuli as well as the presence of formal thought disorder symptomatology. Previous studies found verbal fluency deficits in both negative (Joyce et al, 1996) and positive formal thought disorder (Goldberg et al, 1998), as well as contradicting results, showing that positive symptoms were positively related to semantic fluency (Egeland et al, 2018). Correlation analysis in the current study showed that only negative formal thought disorder -often referred to as alogia or poverty of speech -was adversely related with performance on semantic fluency.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…Additionally, traditional diagnostic procedures of verbal fluency output analyze responses with respect to the number of correctly generated words only. To identify the underlying problem of limited output in verbal fluency in schizophrenia, it might be beneficial to use additional procedures to analyze word generation performance such as clustering and switching component scores (Bozikas, Kosmidis & Karavatos, 2005;Egeland et al, 2018;Robert et al, 1998) as well as temporal parameters (Docherty et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychological correlates underlying verbal fluency deficits in schizophrenia: The role of attention and executive function

Rosenkranz¹,

Kircher²,

Nagels³

2019

Interdisciplinary Linguistic and Psychiatric Research on Language Disorders

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Verbal fluency deficits are commonly observed in patients with schizophrenia. The role of executive functions is still a topic of critical debate, although other neuropsychological domains, e.g. attention, working memory and verbal intelligence, may also influence verbal fluency task performance. Furthermore, some studies report semantic fluency dysfunctions suggesting particular semantic access deficits, while others report regular patterns of verbal fluency task performance, with better performance in semantic fluency as compared to lexical fluency, suggesting general retrieval difficulties. In addition, formal thought disorder symptomatology is often associated with reduced verbal fluency performance. To further address these issues of verbal fluency deficits in schizophrenia, patients with schizophrenia (n=50) as well as a healthy control group (n=36) were recruited and tested according to the aforementioned neuropsychological parameters and both semantic and lexical fluency. Results indicate that executive dysfunctions are associated with verbal fluency performance particularly in the lexical fluency domain. Furthermore, a strong relationship was found between sustained-attention deficits and both semantic and lexical fluency, indicating that verbal fluency deficits in general are mainly driven by attention dysfunctions rather than aberrations in the executive domain. Results showed that patients with schizophrenia did not perform differently for letter vs. semantic fluency. Furthermore, controlling for attention, the results suggest that formal thought disorder symptomatology is unrelated to performance on verbal fluency. Taken together, impaired attention drives the decreased performance in verbal fluency tasks in patients with schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological correlates underlying verbal fluency deficits in schizophrenia: The role of attention and executive function

Rosenkranz¹,

Kircher²,

Nagels³

2019

Interdisciplinary Linguistic and Psychiatric Research on Language Disorders

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“…Canonical correlation of antisaccade data with clinical features showed that antisaccade latencies were related to negative symptoms and social functioning, such that slower responses were related to more negative symptoms and more impaired social functioning across the psychosis spectrum. Antisaccade variables may be useful as proxy measures of persistent deficits in cognitive, social, motivational and emotional features (Egeland, Holmen, Bang-Kittilsen, Bigseth, & Engh, 2018; Grant & Beck, 2009; Green, 1996; Rector, Beck, & Stolar, 2005), an empirical question for future testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisaccade error rates and gap effects in psychosis syndromes from bipolar-schizophrenia network for intermediate phenotypes 2 (B-SNIP2)

et al. 2021

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Background Antisaccade tasks can be used to index cognitive control processes, e.g. attention, behavioral inhibition, working memory, and goal maintenance in people with brain disorders. Though diagnoses of schizophrenia (SZ), schizoaffective (SAD), and bipolar I with psychosis (BDP) are typically considered to be distinct entities, previous work shows patterns of cognitive deficits differing in degree, rather than in kind, across these syndromes. Methods Large samples of individuals with psychotic disorders were recruited through the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes 2 (B-SNIP2) study. Anti- and pro-saccade task performances were evaluated in 189 people with SZ, 185 people with SAD, 96 people with BDP, and 279 healthy comparison participants. Logistic functions were fitted to each group's antisaccade speed-performance tradeoff patterns. Results Psychosis groups had higher antisaccade error rates than the healthy group, with SZ and SAD participants committing 2 times as many errors, and BDP participants committing 1.5 times as many errors. Latencies on correctly performed antisaccade trials in SZ and SAD were longer than in healthy participants, although error trial latencies were preserved. Parameters of speed-performance tradeoff functions indicated that compared to the healthy group, SZ and SAD groups had optimal performance characterized by more errors, as well as less benefit from prolonged response latencies. Prosaccade metrics did not differ between groups. Conclusions With basic prosaccade mechanisms intact, the higher speed-performance tradeoff cost for antisaccade performance in psychosis cases indicates a deficit that is specific to the higher-order cognitive aspects of saccade generation.

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“…Phonemic VF deficits have additionally been related to negative symptoms ( Ojeda et al, 2010 ). Deficits in semantic VF, on the other hand, have been associated with both positive FTD ( Egeland et al, 2018 ) and—mediated by cognitive speed (as measured by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test ; Wechsler, 1997 )—alogia ( Brébion et al, 2018 ) as well as with disease duration ( Ojeda et al, 2010 ). Semantic tasks furthermore revealed above-average production of early acquired words with high typicality (expressed as percentage values based on normed data from categorization tasks) ( Juhasz et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Current Clinical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistic findings in persons with schizophrenia—a review of the current literature

Ehlen,

Montag,

Leopold

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionAlterations of verbalized thought occur frequently in psychotic disorders. We characterize linguistic findings in individuals with schizophrenia based on the current literature, including findings relevant for differential and early diagnosis.MethodsReview of literature published via PubMed search between January 2010 and May 2022.ResultsA total of 143 articles were included. In persons with schizophrenia, language-related alterations can occur at all linguistic levels. Differentiating from findings in persons with affective disorders, typical symptoms in those with schizophrenia mainly include so-called “poverty of speech,” reduced word and sentence production, impaired processing of complex syntax, pragmatic language deficits as well as reduced semantic verbal fluency. At the at-risk state, “poverty of content,” pragmatic difficulties and reduced verbal fluency could be of predictive value.DiscussionThe current results support multilevel alterations of the language system in persons with schizophrenia. Creative expressions of psychotic experiences are frequently found but are not in the focus of this review. Clinical examinations of linguistic alterations can support differential diagnostics and early detection. Computational methods (Natural Language Processing) may improve the precision of corresponding diagnostics. The relations between language-related and other symptoms can improve diagnostics.

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Category fluency in schizophrenia: opposing effects of negative and positive symptoms?

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Neuropsychological correlates underlying verbal fluency deficits in schizophrenia: The role of attention and executive function

Neuropsychological correlates underlying verbal fluency deficits in schizophrenia: The role of attention and executive function

Antisaccade error rates and gap effects in psychosis syndromes from bipolar-schizophrenia network for intermediate phenotypes 2 (B-SNIP2)

Linguistic findings in persons with schizophrenia—a review of the current literature

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