Catecholamines in healthy and inflamed pulp of primary teeth

Abstract

Introduction: The dental pulp, traditionally recognized for its roles in dentinogenesis and pain perception, is a dynamic macrocosm. Recent research has unveiled a complex network of neurotransmitters, with catecholamines, including dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline, emerging as a particularly understudied component. Objective: To elucidate the role of catecholamines in both inflamed and non-inflamed pulp of primary teeth. Documented scientific evidence suggests higher catecholamine levels in inflamed dental pulp, which significantly contribute to maintaining overall pulp health. Methods: Twenty children aged 6 to 8 were selected and categorized into healthy and inflamed pulp groups. After thorough clinical examination and radiographic evaluation, the teeth with deep carious lesions indicative of irreversible pulp changes were subjected to cold and heat tests. Only those teeth positively responding to heat and cold tests were finally included. The concentration of catecholamines was calculated based on the peak area found on HPLC graphs and the retention time of each catecholamine compared with the already established standard curves for pure drugs. Results: Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS for Windows- version 17.0. Independent t-test and Mann- Whitney U test were used for inter-group comparisons. The mean concentrations of Norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine in the inflamed pulp surpassed those in the healthy pulp. However, no significant differences in catecholamine concentrations between boys and girls were observed. Conclusion: Norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine concentrations were notably elevated in inflamed pulp compared to healthy pulp. Heightened catecholamine concentration is attributed to increased nerve stimulation, suggesting robust synthesis during stressful conditions like inflammation.