Catecholamine content of the arterial walls in experimental hypertension

Faredin, I; Benkö, A; Winter, M.; Botos, A

doi:10.1007/bf02160631

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have shown decreased concentration of NE in the peripheral arteries of 1 KG hypertensive dogs, 40 in the peripheral arteries 41 and aorta 48 of 2KG hypertensive dogs, and in the distal mesenteric region of rabbits with sinoaortic denervation hypertension. 87 Norepinephrine concentration in the carotid artery of rats with hypertension by suprarenal aortic constriction is normal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Norepinephrine turnover in the cardiovascular tissues and brain stem of the rabbit during development of one-kidney and two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension.

Tanaka¹,

Seki²,

Fujii³

et al. 1982

Hypertension

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To assess the role of the sympathetic and central noradrenergic neurons in one-and two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension, we examined the concentration and turnover of norepinephrine (NE) in the aorta, mesenteric artery, left ventricle, hypothalamus, midbrain, and pons medulla of hypertensive and control rabbits. Animals were made hypertensive by constriction of the left renal artery after right nephrectomy (1KGH group) or with the right kidney left intact (2KGH group), or were sham-operated on the renal artery (1KGC and 2KGC groups). At 14 days after the constriction, the blood pressure was increased to 136 ± 3 mm Hg in the 1KGH vs 98 ± 3 mm Hg in the 1KGC (p < 0.001), and 136 ± 2 mm Hg in the 2KGH vs 94 ± 2 mm Hg in the 2KGC group [p < 0.001). Turnover time in the aorta, mesenteric artery, and left ventricle in the 1KGH group was decreased to 47%, 45%, and 65% of that in the 1KGC group, respectively. Results suggest that enhanced sympathetic neuron activity in the cardiovascular system, especially in the arteries, contributes to the development of one-kidney Goldblatt hypertension. Norepinephrine turnover in the cardiovascular tissues in the 2KGH group and in the brain stem in the 1KGH and 2KGH group was not different from that in the control group. (Hypertension 4: 272-278, 1982) KEY WORDS • norepinephrine turnover • cardiovascular tissues * brain stem one-kidney Goldblatt hypertension • two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension T WO types of renovascular hypertension in the rabbit, one-kidney Goldblatt (1KG) and two-kidney Goldblatt (2KG), show several contrasting features in pathophysiology, e.g., in serum potassium level, plasma renin activity, hematocnt, and circulating blood volume, 1 " 8 or in the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage. 4 It has been postulated that underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are also different between these two models of hypertension." Hyperactivity of the sympathetic neurons has been implicated as one of the causal factors in experimental as well as essential hypertension. chronic 1 KG hypertensive dogs, norepinephrine (NE) turnover was decreased in the kidney and normal in the heart,* and in chronic 2KG hypertensive rats, was slightly increased in the heart. 10 Recently, Reid et al. 11 reported that plasma NE levels are high in acute 1K.G hypertension in the rat but normal in 2KG hyperten-sion, indicating variable contribution of the sympathetic neurons. No data on NE turnover are available for the acute stage of Goldblatt hypertension, however. There is a body of evidence that central noradren-ergic mechanisms are also involved in hyperten-sion. 11 " 14 Norepinephrine turnover in the central nervous system decreased in deoxycorticosterone (DOC)-sodium hypertension 15 " 18 and increased in sino-aortic denervation hypertension, 17 and the altered activity of the central noradrenergic neurons has been considered a primary abnormality initiating hyper-tension. Again, there is a paucity of information about Goldblatt hypertension. In the present study, we examined NE turnover in the cardiovascular...

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Norepinephrine turnover in the cardiovascular tissues and brain stem of the rabbit during development of one-kidney and two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension.

Tanaka¹,

Seki²,

Fujii³

et al. 1982

Hypertension

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“…Although Faredin, Benko, Winter & Botos (1961) found an increase in arterial wall adrenaline concentration in renal hypertensive dogs, which they thought came from the plasma, Manger, Wakin & Bollmann (1959) did not succeed in demonstrating any increase in plasma concentration.…”

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confidence: 96%

Adrenal Weight and Catecholamine Content in Renal and Calciferol-Induced Hypertension in Rabbits

Angell‐James

Powis

1975

Clinical Science

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1. Hypertension was produced in rabbits by unilateral renal encapsulation combined with contralateral nephrectomy or by the administration of calciferol and calcium lactate. 2. Weighed post mortem, the adrenal glands from the two hypertensive groups were significantly heavier than those from normotensive animals of similar weight. There was a direct correlation between the adrenal gland weight and the mean arterial blood pressure measured at the time of the terminal experiment. 3. The catecholamine content of the adrenal glands from the two groups of hypertensive animals was similar to that of the normotensive animals. 4. There was histological evidence of adrenal cortical hypertrophy in the glands of the hypertensive groups of animals.

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“…Renovascular hypertensive animals show a significant decrease in norepinephrine content in arterial (12,13) and myocardial (14,15) tissues. Our previous work has shown that HC treatment decreases arterial norepinephrine content in normal dogs (1).…”

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Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide on Water, Cation, and Norepinephrine Contents of Cardiovascular Tissues of Renovascular Hypertensive Dogs

Kusumoto

Constantopoulos

Genest

et al. 1974

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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Thiazide compounds have been used extensively in the treatment of hypertension, but the manner in which they exert their antihypertensive action remains unclear. Previous work (1) has shown that hydrochlorothiazide (3.75 mg/ kg/day) given orally for 45 days to normotensive dogs had no effect on blood pressure, blood and plasma volumes, or hematocrit despite significant reduction of water, potassium, and norepinephrine contents in arterial tissues. Since arterial water and cation concentrations are elevated in renovascular hypertensive animals (2 , and work to be published from this laboratory) we have investigated whether hydrochlorothiazide reduces these concentrations and the blood pressure of dogs rendered hypertensive by renal artery constriction and contralateral nephrectomy .Materials and Methods. Adult male mongrel dogs, 15-23 kg, were kept in individual metabolic cages, fed Purina dog chow, supplemented with commercial meat dog food, and given access to water ad libitum. During an initial period of 3 weeks, the blood pressure of each dog was recorded frequently on a Grass polygraph by means of a direct femoral arterial puncture under light thiopental(25 mg/kg) anesthesia. Thirty dogs with a mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) below 125 mm Hg (16.7 KPa) during this period were selected. One renal artery of each was constricted by means of a platinum clamp (about 75% decrease of lumen diameter), and a week later the contralateral kidney was removed.Four weeks after the second operation, 25 dogs that had developed stable hypertension (defined as a consistent weekly reading of MABP of at least 30 mm Hg -40 KPa-above the preoperative MABP) were divided into three groups. The six dogs in group I received hydrochlorothiazide (HC) orally (3.75 mg/kg/day, in two equal doses). Those of group I1 received in addition 45 mg/kg KCl/day, in two equal doses. The 13 remaining animals, group 111, served as controls. The blood pressure of all animals was determined weekly. Sodium and potassium were measured by emission spectrophotometry (Unicam SP 900) with lithium nitrate as internal standard. Magnesium and calcium were determined by atomic spectrophotometry (Perkin-Elmer 303) with lanthanum chloride as internal standard. Plasma renin activity was determined by a micromethod (3). Before and at the end of the experimental period we estimated blood volume using 1311-human serum albumin (RISA) and a Picker Hemoliter. Tissue norepinephrine was determined spectrophotofluorometrically (4) , and renal juxtaglomerular cell granularity was also measured ( 5 ) .The results were evaluated by Student's paired and unpaired t tests. Values of P < 0.05 were considered significant. On the 42nd day, dogs of groups I and I1 were autopsied. Their myocardial and arterial tissues (branches of the mesenteric arteries; the saphenous, femoral, and carotid arteries; and the thoracic aorta) were rapidly removed for determination of their water and cation contents (6). Tissues of animals in group I11 were examined similarly.Results. Blood pressure...

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Catecholamine content of the arterial walls in experimental hypertension

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Norepinephrine turnover in the cardiovascular tissues and brain stem of the rabbit during development of one-kidney and two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension.

Norepinephrine turnover in the cardiovascular tissues and brain stem of the rabbit during development of one-kidney and two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension.

Adrenal Weight and Catecholamine Content in Renal and Calciferol-Induced Hypertension in Rabbits

Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide on Water, Cation, and Norepinephrine Contents of Cardiovascular Tissues of Renovascular Hypertensive Dogs

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