Catecholamine Concentrations in Venous Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Normal and Complicated Pregnancy

Tinkanen, Helena; Rorarius, M. G. F.; Metsä‐Ketelä, T.

doi:10.1159/000292654

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…During delivery in the goats, adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations and blood pressure increased as labour proceeded and became most intense during the expulsion of the ®rst kid, when the goats showed the strongest abdominal contractions. An increase in plasma catecholamine levels during parturition is in accordance with observations in women (Costa et al 1988) and a relationship between noradrenaline concentration and blood pressure changes has also been reported in women during labour (Tinkanen et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Radiotelemetrically recorded blood pressure and heart rate changes in relation to plasma catecholamine levels during parturition in the conscious, unrestrained goat

Hydbring

MacDonald

Olsson

1997

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of sympathetic nervous system activation during parturition in four unrestrained goats. Chronically implanted radiotelemetry devices registered heart rate and arterial blood pressure around the clock and blood was sampled for determination of plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations before, during and after labour. Two goats delivered two kids after moderately intensive abdominal contractions. A third goat had dystocia, and was treated with prostaglandin F2 alpha. One normal kid and one mummified foetus were delivered manually. After milking, a third kid was born spontaneously. The fourth goat experienced severe abdominal contractions and delivered one kid. Mean blood pressure was 69 +/- 2 mmHg the day before parturition, increased gradually during the labour pains, and reached a maximal value of 120 +/- 7 mmHg when the head of the first kid was visible (P < or = 0.05). Heart rate was 134 +/- 4 beats min-1 the day before parturition and peaked when the first kid was born (159 +/- 6 beats min-1, P < or = 0.05), as did plasma adrenaline concentration (from 0.4 +/- 0.2 nmol L-1 to 2.7 +/- 1.2 nmol L-1, P < or = 0.05). The concentration of noradrenaline increased from 4.8 +/- 2.3 nmol L-1 to 12.2 +/- 8.4 nmol L-1 (P < or = 0.05), when the head of the first kid was visible. Expulsion of the second and third kids caused relatively smaller increases in blood pressure, heart rate and catecholamines than those seen with the first born kid. It is concluded that changes in pressure, heart rate and catecholamines during parturition are related to the different phases of labour and not to its duration or severity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Radiotelemetrically recorded blood pressure and heart rate changes in relation to plasma catecholamine levels during parturition in the conscious, unrestrained goat

Hydbring

MacDonald

Olsson

1997

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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“…Sympathetic nervous system activity assessed by measurement of plasma catecholamine levels has produced conflicting results, demonstrating either normal concentrations of plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline [5,6] or reduced levels of noradrenaline [7] in pregnant women compared with non-pregnant controls. Similarly, blockade of the adrenergic system [8], measurement of dopamine β-hydroxylase activity [9] and simple non-invasive cardiovascular reflex tests known to increase sympathetic nervous system activity and\or vagal activity have not produced conclusive results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in baroreceptor sensitivity for heart rate during normotensive pregnancy and the puerperium

et al. 2000

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Normal pregnancy is associated with marked changes in cardiovascular haemodynamics, which in part may be due to changes in autonomic control mechanisms. Baroreflex sensitivity for heart rate (BRS) was calculated in the supine and standing positions using power spectral analysis of pulse interval (PI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in 16 normotensive pregnant women and 10 normotensive non-pregnant controls. The pregnant women were studied on three occasions during their pregnancy (early, mid- and late gestation) and once during the puerperium. Supine total SBP variability increased between early and late pregnancy by 79% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 30%, 145%; P<0. 001], and supine high-frequency PI variability decreased by 75% (CI 51%, 88%; P<0.001). Supine BRS fell by 50% (P<0.001), with values returning to early-pregnancy levels in the puerperium, which were similar to those recorded in the control group. Standing SBP variability and BRS values were unchanged during pregnancy and post partum. The low/high frequency ratio of PI variability, taken as a surrogate measure of sympathovagal balance, increased by 137% (CI 42%, 296%; P<0.01) in the supine but not the standing position from early to late pregnancy. This was due to a decrease in high-frequency variability rather than to an increase in low-frequency variability, suggesting that these changes may have been due to vagal withdrawal rather than increased sympathetic activity. Normotensive pregnancy is associated with a marked decrease in supine BRS, although the exact mechanisms for these changes remain unclear. Further studies are required to define whether changes in BRS and sympathovagal tone in early pregnancy can be used to predict the onset of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

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“…A great deal of evidence suggests that pre‐eclampsia could result from the confluence of several dysfunctions in the systemic vasculature: imbalance of prostacyclin—thromboxane production, endothelial injury, and increased sensitivity of blood vessels to several constrictor substances. Of particular interest is the role of noradrenaline since both noradrenaline plasma levels 1,2 and noradrenaline‐induced pressor responses 3 have been reported to increase during pre‐eclampsia. All these alterations could be also involved in the pathogenesis of generalised vasospasm seen during pre‐eclampsia 4 , a phenomenon which also affects the brain 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of magnesium sulphate on the noradrenaline‐induced cerebral vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in the goat

Perales¹,

Torregrosa²,

Salom³

et al. 1997

BJOG

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Objective To examine the ability of magnesium sulphate to counteract the noradrenaline-induced cerebral vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in goats by using both in vivo and in vitro techniques.Design Cerebral blood flow was measured in vivo by means of an electromagnetic flow probe around the internal maxillary artery. Isometric tension was recorded in vitro from rings of goat middle cerebral artery maintained in an organ bath.1. In vivo. Continuous inhsion of noradrenaline (10 pg/min) directly into the cerebral arterial supply elicited sustained decrease in cerebral blood flow (61% [SEM 31 of control values) and increase in cerebral vascular resistance (178% [SEM 91 of control values). Magnesium sulphate, injected directly into the cerebral arterial supply (10-300 mg) or infused intravenously (0.3 g and 3 g during 15 min) at the noradrenaline-induced steady state, increased cerebral blood flow by decreasing cerebral vascular resistance in a dose-dependent manner. A similar result was obtained when intravenous magnesium sulphate (3 g/l5 min) was tested against the cerebral vasoconstrictor and pressor responses induced by intravenous infusion of noradrenaline (30 pglmin Conclusions Magnesium sulphate reverses the noradrenaline-induced cerebral vasoconstrictor and pressor responses by a direct inhibitory action of Mg2+ on the actions of noradrenaline in the cerebral and peripheral vascular beds, which leads to a decrease in vascular resistance. These results could explain, at least in part, the beneficial effects of magnesium sulphate in the management of preeclampsia and eclampsia.

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Catecholamine Concentrations in Venous Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Normal and Complicated Pregnancy

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Radiotelemetrically recorded blood pressure and heart rate changes in relation to plasma catecholamine levels during parturition in the conscious, unrestrained goat

Radiotelemetrically recorded blood pressure and heart rate changes in relation to plasma catecholamine levels during parturition in the conscious, unrestrained goat

Changes in baroreceptor sensitivity for heart rate during normotensive pregnancy and the puerperium

Effects of magnesium sulphate on the noradrenaline‐induced cerebral vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in the goat

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