Catechin loaded PLGA submicron-sized fibers reduce levels of reactive oxygen species induced by MWCNT in vitro

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are common products of normal aerobic cellular metabolism, but high levels of ROS lead to oxidative stress and cellular damage. Therefore, effective antioxidant therapies are needed to prevent ROS overproduction. This study reports the development of poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) bicomponent fibers loaded with selected amounts of the natural polyphenolic antioxidant catechin. Thereby a novel route based on emulsion electrospinning is investigated to obtain tailored and sustained release rates for chatechin. The activity of the released catechin was assessed for its influence on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) induced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the human alveolar epithelial the cell line A549. Homogenous fiber morphologies were obtained at specified ranges of PLGA concentrations within the emulsions including the formation of a core - sheath structure localizing the drug within the fiber core. In vitro measurements of the delivery showed moderate burst release kinetics in a first phase followed by a linear and smooth release at long term. In combination with polymer degradation studies a mostly diffusion controlled release mechanism was revealed exhibiting only marginal degradation of the polymer during the time span of the drug delivery. As a proof of concept, the activity of released catechin in A549 cells stimulated with MWCNTs was determined and revealed a high reduction of ROS production in a dose dependent manner. This effect diminishes over time indicating a depletion of catechin.

Catechin Hydrate Desorption From Newly-Synthesized Catechin-Loaded Biopolymer Particles

“…The significant correlation between Series 2 experimental data and the zero-order model of the second release curve region evidenced constant catechin release for a period of approximately 44 hours (Figure 2). Similar biphasic sustained release profile results was observed in an in vitro release study from catechin-loaded polycaprolactone/polyvinyl alcohol microspheres [22] in PBS and from catechin-loaded poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) submicron-sized fibers [18] and nanoparticles [23] in PBS and in Britton-Robinson buffer. A release study combined with polymer degradation investigations outlined diffusioncontrolled mechanism of catechin release, which reported utmost degradation of the biopolymer carrier during the time span of catechin delivery [18].…”

“…Similar biphasic sustained release profile results was observed in an in vitro release study from catechin-loaded polycaprolactone/polyvinyl alcohol microspheres [22] in PBS and from catechin-loaded poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) submicron-sized fibers [18] and nanoparticles [23] in PBS and in Britton-Robinson buffer. A release study combined with polymer degradation investigations outlined diffusioncontrolled mechanism of catechin release, which reported utmost degradation of the biopolymer carrier during the time span of catechin delivery [18]. The conducted comparative analyses of the release efficiency of various catechin-loaded biopolymer micro-formulations presented in recent scientific studies and the results of the newly synthesized chitosan-based microparticles reported in the present study (Figure 4) proved undoubtedly the satisfactory release capacity of Series 1 and Series 2 biopolymer formulations and their capability of sustained catechin delivery in physiological medium.…”

Polymeric Antioxidant Materials for Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders

“…Additionally, catechin was loaded into nanofiber to reduce external oxidative stress. [ 44 ] Fortunato et al. have fabricated PLGA nanofibers loaded with catechin, and then the relative ROS level generated by carbon nanotubes was evaluated in the presence of the nanofibers in vitro.…”

Core–Shell Fibers: Design, Roles, and Controllable Release Strategies in Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery

“…Under the influence of electric field, the jet is stretched towards the grounded collector, and core-shell fibers are collected when all of the solvents are evaporated. Conventional emulsion electrospinning has been studied extensively, and various bioactive molecules, including drug [72,117,118], GF [44,119], protein [43], and antioxidant [120], have been incorporated in core-shell fibers via this method. In addition, three-dimensional (3D) microfibrous scaffold with core-shell architecture for potential use as regenerative skin tissue also has been reported to be prepared by emulsion electrospinning [121].…”