Catchment clearing accelerates the infilling of a shallow subtropical bay in east coast Australia

Coates-Marnane, Jack; Olley, Jon; Burton, Joanne; Sharma, Ashneel

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2016.03.006

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The Lockyer catchment is part of the Brisbane River system, which drains over 13,000 km 2 into the coastal embayment, Moreton Bay ( Figure 2B). The gulley and channel erosion of the upper catchments has resulted in rapid infilling of the Moreton Bay with terrestrial silts and clays [6,7]. The deployment of a low-cost monitoring network was undertaken upstream of the Beckman Rd Bridge across Laidley Creek at Mulgowie, Queensland, Australia ( Figure 2C).…”

Section: Study Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite being on the inside bend, the natural bank experienced substantial erosion, whilst the rehabilitated bank on the outside of the bend was largely stable ( Figure 5). This further highlights the potential for streambank rehabilitation to reduce sediment loading from channel erosion, a critical sediment loading source to Moreton Bay [6,11]. …”

Section: Time-lapse and Drone Imagerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of wide-scale clearing of upper catchments for agricultural land use, increases in fluvial sediment loading are evident in catchments for agricultural land use, increases in fluvial sediment loading are evident in receiving water bodies [6]. This is exemplified in the receiving coastal water body of Moreton Bay, Queensland, where areal coverage by terrestrial muds has increased by more than 50% in less than 45 years [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-Bed Monitoring of Suspended Sediment during a Major Flood Event Highlights Deficiencies in Existing Event-Loading Estimates

Grinham

Deering

Fisher

et al. 2018

Water

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Abstract:Rates of fluvial sediment discharge are notoriously difficult to quantify, particularly during major flood events. Measurements are typically undertaken using event stations requiring large capital investment, and the high cost tends to reduce the spatial coverage of monitoring sites. This study aimed to characterise the near-bed suspended sediment dynamics during a major flood event using a low-cost approach. Monitoring nodes consisted of a total suspended sediment (TSS) logger, a single stage sampler, and a time-lapse camera for a total cost of less than US$420. Seven nodes were deployed across an elevation gradient on the stream bank of Laidley Creek, Queensland, Australia, and two of these nodes successfully characterised the near-bed suspended sediment dynamics across a major flood event. Near-bed TSS concentrations were closely related to stream flow, with the contribution of suspended bed material dominating the total suspended load during peak flows. Observed TSS concentrations were orders of magnitude higher than historical monitoring data for this site collected using the State government event station. This difference was attributed to the event station pump inlet screening the suspended bed material prior to sample collection. The 'first flush' phenomenon was detected and attributed to a local resuspension of muddy crusts immediately upstream of the study site. This low-cost approach will provide an important addition to the existing monitoring of fluvial sediment discharge during flood events.

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Section: Study Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Time-lapse and Drone Imagerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-Bed Monitoring of Suspended Sediment during a Major Flood Event Highlights Deficiencies in Existing Event-Loading Estimates

Grinham

Deering

Fisher

et al. 2018

Water

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“…The majority of rainfall occurs during the summer warm season of October to March (Kemp, Olley, & Haines, ). Native vegetation across the region has been heavily cleared since European settlement in the 1820s with agricultural practices beginning in the 1840s contributing significantly to this loss (Coates‐Marnane, Olley, Burton, & Sharma, ; Kemp et al, ; Saxton et al, ). The removal of approximately 60% of native tree cover and extensive human modification of the landscape have significantly altered the hydrological regime across the entire catchment (Saxton et al, ).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of rainfall occurs during the summer warm season of October to March (Kemp, Olley, & Haines, 2016). Native vegetation across the region has been heavily cleared since European settlement in the 1820s with agricultural practices beginning in the 1840s contributing significantly to this loss (Coates-Marnane, Olley, Burton, & Sharma, 2016;Kemp et al, 2015;Saxton et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The implications of regional variations in rainfall for reconstructing rainfall patterns using tree rings

Haines

Olley

2017

Hydrological Processes

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In Australia, multidecadal periods of floods and droughts have major economic consequences. Due to the short duration of Australian instrumental precipitation records, it is difficult to determine the patterns of these multidecadal periods. Proxy records can be used to create long‐term rainfall reconstructions for regions that are lacking instrumental data. However, the spatial extent over which single‐site proxy records can be applied is poorly understood. Southeast Queensland (SEQ) is an area where tree rings can be used to reconstruct long‐term rainfall patterns, but their regional representation is unknown. In this study, the spatial variability in rainfall across SEQ is investigated from 1908 to 2007 using 140 instrumental rainfall stations. Pearson correlation analysis between stations is used to create groups at the r = 0.80, 0.85, and 0.90 correlation levels, and then annual deviations from the mean are determined. These patterns indicate that rainfall is not uniform across SEQ but can be broken into 2 main spatially consistent groups. Each of these groups is broken down into several subgroups with higher correlation levels. Long‐term streamflow records are found to be correlated to rainfall patterns local to the streamflow stations, indicating that analysis of extreme events should consider spatial precipitation variability. Finally, the only currently available proxy rainfall reconstruction for the region, a 140‐year Toona ciliata tree ring width record from Lamington National Park, is compared to rainfall groups at different correlation levels across all of SEQ. The correlation between the reconstruction and the rainfall station groupings is best for the groups within which the tree‐ring record is spatially located, and this correlation improves as rainfall group correlation increases. Correlation is nearly nonexistent for groupings located at a distance from the tree‐ring site. These results demonstrate the importance of assessing the spatial variability of precipitation so that the spatial applicability of proxy records can be assessed.

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Vegetation disturbances and flood energy during an extreme flood on a sub‐tropical river

Sharpe

Kemp

2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The advent of 2D hydraulic modelling has improved our understanding of flood hydraulics, thresholds, and dynamic effects on floodplain geomorphology and riparian vegetation at the morphological‐unit scale. Hydraulic concepts of bed shear stress, stream power maxima, and energy (cumulative stream power) have been used to characterize floods and define their geomorphic effectiveness. These hydraulic concepts were developed in the context of reach‐averaged, 1D hydraulic analyses, but their application to 2D model results is problematic due to differences in the treatment of energy losses in 1D and 2D analyses. Here we present methods for estimating total and boundary resistance from 2D modelling of an extreme flood on a subtropical river. Hydraulic model results are correlated with observations of the flood impacts on floodplain geomorphology and the riparian vegetation to identify thresholds and compute variants of flood energy. Comparison of LiDAR data in 2011 and 2014 shows that the 2011 flood produced 2–4 m of erosion on floodplain bars that were previously forested or grass‐covered. Deposition on flood levees, dunes, and chute bars was up to 3.4 m thick. Various hydraulic metrics were trialled as candidates for thresholds of vegetation disturbance. The accuracy of thresholds using metrics extracted at the flood peak (i.e. boundary resistance and stream power maxima) was similar to that using energy as a threshold. Disturbance to forest and grass on vegetated bars was associated with stream powers of >834 W/m2 and unit flows of >26 m2/s, respectively. Correlation of the hydraulic metrics with erosion and deposition depths showed no substantial improvement in using flood energy compared to metrics extracted at the flood peak for describing erosion and deposition. The extent of vegetation disturbances and morphological adjustments was limited for this extreme flood, and further 2D studies are needed to compare disturbance thresholds across different environments.

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Catchment clearing accelerates the infilling of a shallow subtropical bay in east coast Australia

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Near-Bed Monitoring of Suspended Sediment during a Major Flood Event Highlights Deficiencies in Existing Event-Loading Estimates

Near-Bed Monitoring of Suspended Sediment during a Major Flood Event Highlights Deficiencies in Existing Event-Loading Estimates

The implications of regional variations in rainfall for reconstructing rainfall patterns using tree rings

Vegetation disturbances and flood energy during an extreme flood on a sub‐tropical river

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