Catches of <i>Glossina morsitans morsitans</i> Westwood and <i>G. pallidipes</i> Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in odour-baited traps in riverine and deciduous woodlands in the Zambesi Valley of Zimbabwe

Hargrove, John W.; Vale, G. A.

doi:10.1017/s0007485300007872

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Pilson & Pilson (1967) found evidence of dry season concentration of G. morsitans only for males, but their experiment on the effect of distance from riverine vegetation covered a total of only four hours over two days. Hargrove & Vale (1980) also reported striking differences between the sexes in this respect with males concentrating in riverine vegetation in the dry season more than females. The data presented here show the two sexes dispersing into open country in much the same way, so we must clearly look for other explanations for the predominance of females during the partial reinvasion of the control zone at Nguruman reported by Dransfield et al (1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Factors affecting seasonal dispersal of the tsetse flies Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, south-west Kenya

Brightwell

Dransfield

Williams

1992

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Seasonal changes in the distribution of the tsetse flies, Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. longipennis Corti, along a transect from riverine thickets out into open plains were monitored along with tsetse density, climatic factors, vegetation and host abundance. Dispersal of tsetse into open country was quantified using the mean spread. During and after the rains both species extended their distribution out into open country up to at least 3.5 km from riverine thicket areas. The mean spread of G. longipennis was greater than that of G. pallidipes. The spread of males and females was very similar, as was the spread of different age categories of parous females, but nulliparous flies and females carrying second instar larvae were under-represented in samples from open areas. This seasonal dispersal can be accounted for by random diffusion with an average root mean square displacement of about 175 m per day. Observed degrees of spread were best correlated with humidity conditions prior to sampling, but multiple regression models suggested that host abundance, vegetation as measured by Normalised Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI), and, in the case of G. longipennis, tsetse density, were also factors in determining the degree of spread. The significance of these findings in relation to tsetse control is discussed. 5-r © 9 © © 0-5 km N 4 Trap pair © -1'55'S 36 1 05'E

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Studies using sampling methods that do not require the presence of people, such as traps (Glasgow & Duffy, 1961;Ahmed & Dairri, 1987) and ox-baited electric nets (Hargrove & Vale, 1980), have still, however, shown considerable seasonal changes in distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting seasonal dispersal of the tsetse flies Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, south-west Kenya

Brightwell

Dransfield

Williams

1992

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…Such areas are partially vacated by tsetse at this time (Hargrove and Vale, 1980). shade temperature of 41.5°C) in an area that offered sparse leafy shade.…”

Section: Unmarked Fliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such studies would have an important bearing on the planning of tsetse control operations and could do much to rationalise the complexities of the seasonal distribution of different segments of the tsetse population between various vegetation types (Pilson and Pilson, 1967;Hargrove and Vale, 1980). Such studies would have an important bearing on the planning of tsetse control operations and could do much to rationalise the complexities of the seasonal distribution of different segments of the tsetse population between various vegetation types (Pilson and Pilson, 1967;Hargrove and Vale, 1980).…”

Section: Unmarked Fliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of small plots to study populations of tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae): Difficulties associated with population dispersal

Vale¹,

Hursey²,

Hargrove³

et al. 1984

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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In the Zambezi Valley of Zimbabwe, ULV applications of non-residual insecticide (endosulphan and NRDC 161) were made to a 1.8 x 1.8 km block of woodland infested with Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. and G. pallidipes Austen. The recapture rates of marked flies released in the centre of the block, and recaptured in odour-baited traps in and around the block, indicated that the insecticides killed about 97% of flies that had been released 1-4 hr before spraying. Catches of unmarked male G. m. morsitans in the centre of the block declined after the insecticide applications, but there was no clear effect on catches of female G. m. morsitans and both sexes of G. pallidipes. Data for the movement of marked flies suggested that the minimum daily rates of movement were about 700 m for male G. m. morsitans and about 800 m for the other tsetse. An increase in dawn temperatures, from 17.5 to 27.5°C, was associated with an increase in the rate movement of G. pallidipes in the early morning. The failure to detect changes in the unmarked populations of female G. m. morsitans and both sexes of G. pallidipes was attributed to the high mobilities of these flies and demonstrated that unmarked populations could not be studied satisfactorily in small plots; studies based on marked populations are recommended for such plots.

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“…A lower male fly population was only apparent in the central part of the forest at the end of the dry season (September). The effect of trapping sites on the magnitude of the catch has been reported for G. tachinoides Westwood in Nigeria (Madubunyi, 1988a) and in Niger (Turner, 1980), for G. pallidipes Austen in Uganda (Saunders, 1964) and for G. morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen in Zimbabwe (Vale and Phelps, 1978;Hargrove and Vale, 1980). The female portion of the population was however not affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Notes on the Ecology of a Natural Glossina austeni (Diptera: Glossinidae) Population in the Jozani Forest, Unguja Island of Zanzibar

Vreysen

Khamis

1999

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Studies were made of Glossina austeni captured with sticky panels during the dry and wet season in the northern and central part of the Jozani forest on the island of Unguja, Zanzibar. The density of the fly population was significantly higher in the northern part of the forest than in the central. Female and male daily catches remained stable in time in the northern part of the forest but the density of the male fly population declined significantly in the central part of the forest at the end of the dry season. The magnitude of the catch and the sex ratio of the samples was highly affected by the trap site in both locations. Only samples in the central part of the forest were biased towards one of the sexes depending on the seasons. The age composition of the male flies was independent of locality and season but the one of female flies was influenced by the seasons in the central part of the forest. The breeding and abortion rate of flies were similar in the two locations both during the wet and dry seasons. The stability of the fly population in terms of density and composition is probably a reflection of the optimal environmental conditions in this primary forest habitat.Resume-Des etudes ont ete effectuees sur Glossina austeni capture avec des panneaux gluants pendant la saison seche et la saison des pluies dans la partie nord et centrale de la foret Jozani sur l'ile d'Unguja, Zanzibar. La densite de la population des mouches tsetse etait plus elevee d'une maniere significative dans la partie nord de la foret par rapport a la partie centrale. Les captures quotidiennes des males et femelles restaient stable dans le temps dans la partie nord de la foret, mais la densite de la population male diminuait d'une maniere significative dans la partie centrale de la foret a la fin de la saison seche. L'endroit du piege, aussi bien au nord que dans la partie centrale, influait beaucoup sur la grandeur de la capture et la proportion des femelles dans les echantillons. Seuls les echantillons dans la partie centrale de la foret penchaient vers une majorite d'un des sexes dependant des saisons. La composition d'age des mouches males ne dependait pas de l'endroit ou de la saison, mais dans la partie centrale, les saisons influaient sur la composition d'age des mouches femelles. Le taux de reproduction et d'avortement etaient comparables dans les deux endroits aussi bien pendant la saison des pluies que pendant la saison seche. La stabilite de la population des mouches en termes de densite et de composition est probablement le reflet de conditions optimales de l'environnement dans cet habitat de foret primaire.

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Catches of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in odour-baited traps in riverine and deciduous woodlands in the Zambesi Valley of Zimbabwe

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Factors affecting seasonal dispersal of the tsetse flies Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, south-west Kenya

Factors affecting seasonal dispersal of the tsetse flies Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, south-west Kenya

The use of small plots to study populations of tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae): Difficulties associated with population dispersal

Notes on the Ecology of a Natural Glossina austeni (Diptera: Glossinidae) Population in the Jozani Forest, Unguja Island of Zanzibar

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