Cataract in mice congenitally infected with<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>

Hay, J.; Wm, Hutchison; Lee, William R.; Jc, Siim

doi:10.1080/00034983.1981.11687464

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Progressive secondary degenerative changes were observed in the lens: these included cortical dissolution and spindle cell and bladder cell metaplasia of the epithelium. These features which were apparent in Grade 1 to Grade 3 eyes have been described elsewhere (Hay et al 198 1 ;Hutchison et al 1982).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Murine Model of Congenital Toxoplasmic Retinochorioiditis

Lee

Hay

Hutchison

et al. 1983

Acta Ophthalmologica

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A histopathological study of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in 39 eyes of mice infected in utero with Toxoplasma gondii and sacrificed at 16 weeks post-partum showed a wide variation in the pattern of tissue destruction. The changes in individual eyes were graded from mild to severe; Toxoplasma cysts were present in the retina and optic nerve in each grade. In the least affected eyes, Toxoplasma cysts were rarely seen and the disease was limited to a low grade uveitis and retinal lymphocytic perivasculitis. In the more severely affected eyes, there was focal, sectorial or total retinal destruction with secondary degeneration in the lens. In some eyes inflammatory destruction of the outer retina was associated either with a paucity of cells, or with lymphocytic infiltration or with plasma cell infiltration; giant cell granulomatous reactions were rare. In the most severely affected eyes the retina was necrotic and calcified. The findings illustrate the complexity of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis and suggest that autoimmunity may play a part in the disease process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Murine Model of Congenital Toxoplasmic Retinochorioiditis

Lee

Hay

Hutchison

et al. 1983

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…Other presenting symptoms include microphthalmia, microcornea, or phthisis bulbi [277]. Cataract may also be a manifestation of congenital toxoplasmosis [278,279].…”

Section: Clinical Picturementioning

confidence: 98%

Immunopathogenesis of toxoplasmosis

Hegab

Al-Mutawa²

2003

Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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Toxoplasmosis is a ubiquitous infection affecting 500 million persons around the world, with a range of incidence 12%-90%, increasing with age, education, crowding and sanitary habits. Cats are the definitive host. Infection is primarily congenital but acquired ocular infection has been documented. The review focuses on the immunopathogenesis of toxoplasmosis with emphasis on the eye problem due to its morbidity. The response to infection correlates with both parasitic and retinal antigens. The clinical picture and histopathology is a reflection of the immune response which constitutes early humeral response which presents both systemically and locally primary infection and is elevated with reactivation. This is followed by the cellular response, varying from low grade monocular infilterate a total tissue destruction with response of live parasites especially in immuno-compromised patients. Penetration of the parasite and its enclosure within the parasitophorous vacuole and its eneyst all make its eradicatier impossible. This reflects the variability of antiparasitic therapy that include folate antagonists, macrolides, hydroxy naphthoquindones and fluoroquinolones. Use of corticosteroid should be limited to severe reactions and should be associated with specific therapy.

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“…Using the laboratory model originally described by Hay et al (1981) infection of outbred mice with T. gondii on day 12 of pregnancy is the most effective time at which to produce infected pups. We have confirmed these results using inbred BALB/c mice and our additional observations indicate that infection earlier in pregnancy results in resorption or abortion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason the development of a suitable laboratory model of congenital toxoplasmosis is essential to test the efficacy of putative vaccines. Such a model system has been studied in this laboratory, using outbred mice and has proven useful in studying ophthalmological, behavioural and neurological sequelea (Hay et al 1981(Hay et al , 1985Hutchison et al 1982;McMenamin et al 1986;Dutton et al 1986). However, the value of this model for immunological studies or vaccine design has never been assessed; indeed to analyse, dissect and characterize the nature of protective immunity as well as guaranteeing reproducibility of results, it is essential that the disease model should comprise the use of inbred mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on a murine model of congenital toxoplasmosis: vertical disease transmission only occurs in BALB/c mice infected for the first time during pregnancy

Roberts

Alexander

1992

Parasitology

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/47342/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the SUMMARYThe incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis was determined by an ELISA in the litters of BALB/c mice which had been infected 8 weeks before mating, on day 12 of pregnancy, or on both these occasions. Of those mice given the infection for the first time on day 12 of pregnancy, 5 out of 6 gave birth to infected litters with approximately 50 % of the individuals in each litter being infected. BALB/c mice which had been infected 8 weeks before mating did not give birth to infected litters, even if they were reinfected on day 12 of pregnancy. Following infection BALB/c mice were found to harbour significantly fewer tissue cysts than the congenic H-2 derivative BALB/K strain. However, chronically infected BALB/K mice also failed to produce infected litters, indicating that tissue cyst burden in the dam did not influence congenital infection at least on the BALB background. This study demonstrates that BALB/c dams chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii, have immunity capable of protecting their embryos from congenital infection, even if the dams are reinfected during pregnancy. Our results demonstrate that the BALB/c mouse can be used as a model of human or ovine congenital T. gondii infection suitable for testing putative vaccines.

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Cataract in mice congenitally infected withToxoplasma gondii

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

A Murine Model of Congenital Toxoplasmic Retinochorioiditis

A Murine Model of Congenital Toxoplasmic Retinochorioiditis

Immunopathogenesis of toxoplasmosis

Studies on a murine model of congenital toxoplasmosis: vertical disease transmission only occurs in BALB/c mice infected for the first time during pregnancy

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