Cataract Formation in Diabetic Patients and Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase Deficiency

Simonelli, Francesca; Savastano, Silvia; Rinaldi, E; Auricchio, G

doi:10.1159/000265504

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In A variety of sugars cause cataract when fed humans, galactosemia and galactose cataract at high concentrations in the diet. In galac-are caused by the deficiency of one of the sevtosemic patients and in animals, dietary ga-eral enzymes involved in galactose metabo-lism [2][3][4][5]. Feeding high levels of galactose to gerbils, guinea pigs, dogs and marsupials has been demonstrated to induce cataracts [6][7][8][9], In galactose-fed rats, the increase of galactitol in the lens and changes in osmotic pressure have been suggested to be the cause of vacuo lization of the equatorial region, swelling and disruption of the epithelium and Fibers, and the subsequent opacification of the whole lens [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The galactose cataract model has been used as an assay for presenile and senile cata racts associated with diabetes, galactosemia and x-irradiation and is used to test potential anti-cataractic nutrients and pharmaceuticals [2,4,15,21], Furthermore, it appeared that slowing the rate of development of the galac tose cataract might extend the window of time during which animal trials of anticataract agents or studies of cataractogenesis might be conducted. In the present study we report the dose-response relationship of the onset and progression of cataracts induced in rats fed 10-30% galactose for up to 226 days, a larger range of dietary galactose concentration and a longer period of time than reported in pre vious studies using this animal model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dose-Response Characteristics of Galactose-lnduced Cataract in the Rat

et al. 1994

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The onset and progression of cataract was investigated in weanling Sprague-Dawley rats fed 10, 15, 20 and 30% dietary galactose (groups 1–4) for 45–226 days. Cataracts were graded on a 0–5 scale. After 226 days, 9% of the rats fed 10% galactose developed lesions beyond the very early stage of cataractogenesis (grade 1). After 154 days 50% of the rats fed 15% galactose developed subcortical cataract (grade 3) with no nuclear cataract. In the rats fed 20% galactose, an initial rapid development by 31 days of a grade 3 cataract was observed in 50% of the eyes. Advancement to grade 4 and grade 5 cataract proceeded more slowly; by 207 days, 45% of the eyes had grade 5 cataract. In rats fed 30% galactose, rapid vacuolization and development of nuclear cataracts (grade 5) were observed by day 44. Dietary galactose at levels of 20 and 30% was associated with a significant reduction in weight gain at the early stage of dietary treatment. These observations demonstrate that 10–30% dietary galactose induces cataract in rat lens in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. These data serve to further establish this animal model as a useful model for studying the sequelae of cataractogenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-Response Characteristics of Galactose-lnduced Cataract in the Rat

et al. 1994

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Literature-Related Discovery (LRD)

Kostoff¹,

Block²,

Solka³

et al. 2007

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Report Documentation PageForm Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. REPORT DATE NOV 20072 ABSTRACTDiscovery in science is the generation of novel, interesting, plausible, and intelligible knowledge about the objects of study. Literature-related discovery (LRD) is the linking of two or more literature concepts that have heretofore not been linked (i.e., disjoint), in order to produce novel interesting, plausible, and intelligible knowledge (i.e., potential discovery). SUBJECT TERMS SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT Same as Report (SAR)18 ABSTRACTDiscovery in science is the generation of novel, interesting, plausible, and intelligible knowledge about the objects of study. Literature-related discovery (LRD) is the linking of two or more literature concepts that have heretofore not been linked (i.e., disjoint), in order to produce novel, interesting, plausible, and intelligible knowledge (i.e., potential discovery). LRD has two main components that differ in their methodological approach to discovery:• Literature-based discovery (LBD) produces potential discovery through analysis of the technical literature alone.• Literature-assisted discovery (LAD) produces potential discovery through both analysis of the technical literature and use of selected authors of that literature. These authors generate potential discovery as proposers, workshop/panel participants, or in other active roles.In turn, there are two types of LBD and LAD: open discovery systems (ODS), where one starts with a problem and arrives at a solution, and closed discovery systems (CDS), where one starts with a problem and a solution, then determines the mechanism(s) that links them.LRD offers the promise of large amounts of potential discovery, for the following reasons:• the burgeoning technical literature contains a very large pool of technical concepts in myriad technical areas; • researchers spend full time trying to cover the literature in their own research fields and are relatively unfamiliar with research in other especially disparate fields of research; • the large number of technical concepts (and disparate technical concepts) means that many combinations of especially disparate technical concepts exist 3• by the laws of probability, some of these c...

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Cataract Formation in Diabetic Patients and Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase Deficiency

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Dose-Response Characteristics of Galactose-lnduced Cataract in the Rat

Dose-Response Characteristics of Galactose-lnduced Cataract in the Rat

Literature-Related Discovery (LRD)

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