Cataract Development by Exposure to Ultraviolet and Blue Visible Light in Porcine Lenses

Haag, Robin; Fehler, Nicole; Heßling, Martin

doi:10.3390/medicina57060535

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The effect of blue light on the retina is called blue light hazard and is studied extensively. In an animal model, all investigated irradiation sources cause cataracts in porcine lenses-even blue visible light ( 45 ). There is a sense in which electronics are more convenient than books in effective online learning and ensure that the contents of the courses meet the educational requirements.…”

Section: Possible Effects Of Web-based Online Learning On Visual Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online Learning-Related Visual Function Impairment During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Fan

Wang

Kong

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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This study aimed to review the consequences of increased online learning, which was precipitated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), on visual function, as well as the methods for preventing the associated visual impairment. The recent finding implies that a higher incidence of myopia may be observed during the pandemic than that before. The myopia prevalence was 59.35% in COVID-19, which was higher than that in the normal period. COVID-19-related influence of developing myopia among students should be addressed and under control. Online learning precipitated by COVID-19 is likely to increase the global burden of visual function impairment. This review highlighted useful measures to prevent online learning-related visual function impairments, including the following: (1) desktop illumination of no >300 lx, online learning time for primary, and middle-school students of no more than 20–30 min per session; (2) daily video time for preschool children not exceeding 1 h, and for school-age children and adolescents not exceeding 2 h; (3) after every 30–40 min of online learning, moving eyes away from the screen or closed for 10 min; (4) engaging in outdoor activities for ≥ 2 h a day; (5) suitable screen and learning environment settings and correct postures for reading and writing; (6) sufficient sleep and proper nutrition. Preventing online learning-related visual impairment during and after this unprecedented pandemic will facilitate future ophthalmic practice.

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Section: Possible Effects Of Web-based Online Learning On Visual Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online Learning-Related Visual Function Impairment During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Fan

Wang

Kong

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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show abstract

“…These methods allow a comparison of the opacity of lenses before and after irradiation with different wavelengths. For visualizing cataract in the porcine lenses a single lens is placed in a Petri dish with a mounting disk that prevents the lens from sliding around, which is filled with BSS and a picture is taken with a dark field microscope [21]. The dark field microscope camera generates a grayscale image.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influence of conventional light sources such as LEDs or fluorescent tubes emitting blue light has been mainly studied for its impact on the retina but has remained unexplored for the lens. Haag et al reported that blue light with a wavelength of 460 nm has the greatest effect on cataract formation in ex-vivo porcine lenses in comparison to UVA and UVB radiation [21]. Based on these results, this work analyses and compares the impact of further visible wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Influence of Visible Violet, Blue and Red Light on the Development of Cataract in Porcine Lenses

et al. 2022

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Background and Objectives: Cataract is a disease that is globally prevalent in today’s population and occurs mostly in the elderly. It is an opacity of the lens that worsens vision and can lead to blindness. One well-known risk factor of cataract is ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, increasing exposure to modern artificial light sources like light emitting diodes (LEDs) and displays might have an impact on cataract formation due to possible high (and hidden) blue radiation. An ex-vivo study indicates that intense blue radiation causes cataract in porcine lenses. The goal of this work is the investigation whether violet or red light also lead to cataract formation in porcine lenses and to compare the impact of the different wavelengths. Materials and Methods: LEDs with wavelengths of 407 nm (violet), 463 nm (blue) and 635 nm (red) are used to irradiate ex–vivo porcine lenses with a dose of 6 kJ/cm2. Before and after irradiation the lens transmissions are measured and dark field images are taken to determine cataract formation. The same procedure is performed for unirradiated controls. Results: The results of the transmission measurements are in accordance with the results of the dark field images and state that 635 nm (red) is inducing no or only weak cataract. In comparison to the dark field images the transmission measurements exhibit stronger cataract formation for 407 nm than for 463 nm irradiation while the dark field images show similar cataract formation for both wavelengths. Conclusions: Visible light of short wavelengths cause cataract formation in porcine eyes, and it cannot be excluded that these wavelengths, which are emitted by modern LED illuminants, also pose a danger to human eyes.

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“…These risk factors include UVlight exposure, hypertension, diabetes, body mass OPEN ACCESS index (BMI), drugs, nutrition, smoking and socioeconomic status. 4,5 However, the advancement of age, a non-modifiable risk factor, is the single most important reason for Cataract. 6 This progression of age is what leads to Senile Cataract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Complications between Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification

et al. 2021

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Purpose: To compare per-operative and early post-operative complications between Manual Small Incision cataract surgery and Phacoemulsification in patients with Senile Cataract. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital Karachi from December 2018 to October 2019. Methods: Two hundred and seventy patients with senile Cataract were recruited for this study by convenient sampling technique. They were divided equally into two groups. Group I underwent Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS), whereas Group II underwent Phacoemulsification. Per-operative and early post-operative complications were recorded on day 1 in both groups. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Independent t-test was carried out with P-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age group – I was 54.95 ± 11.0 and in Group – II was 57.09 ± 10.59 (p = 0.546). There were 72 (53.3%) males in group – I and 74 (54.8%) in group – II with a non-significant difference (p-value > 0.01). There was significant difference for posterior capsule rupture and striate keratitis between the two groups (p = 0.031 and 0.044 respectively). Rest of the study parameters was not statistically different in the both group. None of the groups had a nucleus drop and vitreous prolapse. No significant difference was seen between the two groups concerning iris trauma (p = 0.56), wound leakage (p = 0.15) and hyphema (p = 0.32). Conclusion: There is no significant difference between per-operative and early post-operative complications between MSICS and Phacoemulsification in patients with senile cataract except posterior capsular rupture and striate keratopathy which were more common in phacoemulsification group. Key Words: Cataract, Senile Cataract, Phacoemulsification, Small Incision Cataract Surgery.

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Cataract Development by Exposure to Ultraviolet and Blue Visible Light in Porcine Lenses

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Online Learning-Related Visual Function Impairment During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Online Learning-Related Visual Function Impairment During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Influence of Visible Violet, Blue and Red Light on the Development of Cataract in Porcine Lenses

Comparison of Complications between Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification

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