Catalytic Transformation of Lignin for the Production of Chemicals and Fuels

Li, Changzhi; Zhao, Xiaochen; Wang, Aiqin; Huber, George W.; Zhang, Tongzuo

doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00155

Cited by 2,249 publications

(1,625 citation statements)

References 513 publications

(834 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

1,601

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Lignocellulosic biomasses are abundant and inedible resources that can be easily obtainable also from agricultural residues and waste. A variety of chemical routes and industrial processes have been explored to valorize lignocellulosic biomasses [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Since lignocellulose has a complex "chemical-architecture" [24], one strategy is the first deconstruction into cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading Lignocellulosic Biomasses: Hydrogenolysis of Platform Derived Molecules Promoted by Heterogeneous Pd-Fe Catalysts

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:This review provides an overview of heterogeneous bimetallic Pd-Fe catalysts in the C-C and C-O cleavage of platform molecules such as C2-C6 polyols, furfural, phenol derivatives and aromatic ethers that are all easily obtainable from renewable cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (the major components of lignocellulosic biomasses). The interaction between palladium and iron affords bimetallic Pd-Fe sites (ensemble or alloy) that were found to be very active in several sustainable reactions including hydrogenolysis, catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis (CTH) and aqueous phase reforming (APR) that will be highlighted. This contribution concentrates also on the different synthetic strategies (incipient wetness impregnation, deposition-precipitaion, co-precipitaion) adopted for the preparation of heterogeneous Pd-Fe systems as well as on the main characterization techniques used (XRD, TEM, H 2 -TPR, XPS and EXAFS) in order to elucidate the key factors that influence the unique catalytic performances observed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading Lignocellulosic Biomasses: Hydrogenolysis of Platform Derived Molecules Promoted by Heterogeneous Pd-Fe Catalysts

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As temperatures increased, the demethoxylation reaction was enhanced. Hence, the content of G-type phenols decreased, while content of H-type phenols increased as temperature rose up (Li et al 2015). The yield of DHBF at 650 °C was the lowest, and the relative content was 31.5%.…”

Section: Non-catalytic Stepwise Pyrolysis Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Bio-oil is a high-energy content transportable liquid for subsequent processing for heat, hydrocarbon fuels, and valuable chemicals (Ma et al 2016). The properties of bio-oil are greatly affected by the reaction conditions, such as the chemical structure of lignin and temperature (Li et al 2015). Py-GC/MS is widely employed to explore the effect of reaction conditions on the proportion and yield of bio-oil from lignin pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methoxyl groups are more resistant to thermal degradation than the ether linkages. C-C bonds are the most stubborn bonds in lignin structures, and their cleavage only appears at high temperatures (Li et al 2015). Jiang et al (2010) studied the effect of temperature on the composition of lignin pyrolysis products and concluded that the maximum yield of phenolic compounds was obtained at 600 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Catalytic Stepwise Pyrolysis of Technical Lignin

Shao¹,

You²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The stepwise pyrolysis of technical lignin with and without a catalyst was investigated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Lignin was first pyrolyzed at 260 or 360 °C, and then the residue was subsequently pyrolyzed at 650 °C. It was found that stepwise pyrolysis of lignin concentrated the phenolic compounds in lignin-derived bio-oil. In a stepwise 260 to 650 °C process, the maximum total phenolic compounds were 86.2%. Among the phenolic compounds, guaiacol-type and phenol-type phenolic compounds were predominant. Further addition of a catalyst (HZSM-5) in the stepwise pyrolysis process enhanced control over the product distribution through conversion of phenolic compounds into aromatic hydrocarbon products. The aromatic hydrocarbons achieved the highest yield of 30.4% in the catalytic stepwise 260 to 650 °C process.

show abstract

“…Lignin is an important component of lignocellulosic biomass after harvest [66] and its composition varies according to the biomass source. Kraft lignin is waste produced during the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass in paper production [67].…”

Section: Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization

Chan‐Thaw

Villa

2018

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transition metal carbides have been utilized as an alternative catalyst to expensive noble metals for the conversion of biomass. Tungsten and molybdenum carbides have been shown to be effective catalysts for hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization reactions. The satisfactory activities of these metal carbides and their low costs, compared with noble metals, make them appealing alternatives and worthy of further investigation. In this review, we succinctly describe common synthesis techniques, including temperature-programmed reaction and carbothermal hydrogen reduction, utilized to prepare metal carbides used for biomass transformation. Attention will be focused, successively, on the application of transition metal carbide catalysts in the transformation of first-generation (oils) and second-generation (lignocellulose) biomass to biofuels and fine chemicals.

show abstract

Catalytic Transformation of Lignin for the Production of Chemicals and Fuels

Abstract: Scheme 3. Base-Catalyzed Cleavage of β-Aryl Ether Bonds in Nonphenolic Model Compounds a a Adapted from Chakar and Ragauskas. 113 .

Cited by 2,249 publications

References 513 publications

Upgrading Lignocellulosic Biomasses: Hydrogenolysis of Platform Derived Molecules Promoted by Heterogeneous Pd-Fe Catalysts

Upgrading Lignocellulosic Biomasses: Hydrogenolysis of Platform Derived Molecules Promoted by Heterogeneous Pd-Fe Catalysts

Catalytic Stepwise Pyrolysis of Technical Lignin

Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About