Catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol and 2-methylfuran over CuFe catalysts: Ex situ observation of simultaneous structural phase transformation

Continuous flow hydrogenolysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-dimethylfuran over alumina-supported nickel–iron alloy catalysts

“…The GC conditions were adapted from earlier investigations. 27–29 The mass balance was above 95% for all the experiments. The calibration curves of 5-HMF and the main products were used to quantify the amount of remaining reactant and all the generated products.…”

“…All the calcined Fe-containing catalysts exhibited diffraction peaks at 2 θ values of 24.5°, 33.5°, 35.3°, 40.5°, 49.8°, 54.5°, 62.6°, and 64.7°, corresponding to the hematite α-Fe 2 O 3 . 29 In the case of the calcined NiAl catalyst, the diffraction peaks at 2 θ of 36°, 44.5°, 63°, and 76° were assigned to a NiO phase (PDF#03-065-6920). 41 On the other hand, the addition of Ni into the Fe/Al 2 O 3 catalysts revealed the diffraction peak at a 2 θ value of 36°, ascribed to the NiO phase; while the diffraction peak at 2 θ of 44.5° was only detected for the calcined Ni 1.04 Fe 0.98 Al catalyst due to its high content of NiO species.…”

Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Furfural to C5 Derivatives: A Brief Review

“…CuFe-based catalysts were prepared by Kalong et al [24] following a citric acid complexation method. The process of complexation was followed by heat treatment at different temperatures.…”

Selective furfural hydrogenolysis towards 2-methylfuran by controlled poisoning of Cu–Co catalysts with chlorine

“…12 Nonetheless, there are clear advantages of using low cost, highly available base metals such as Ni, 13,14 Fe (ref. 15) or Cu. [16][17][18] In fact, industrially 2-MF is produced as a side-product in the hydrogenation of furfural to FAL over a copper catalyst.…”