Catalytic reforming of toluene and naphthalene (model tar) by char supported nickel catalyst

Qian, Kezhen; Kumar, Ajay

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.09.043

Cited by 88 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, for all activated biochar samples, their pore volume and specific surface area decrease after Ni loading. Qian et al found the same result that after nickel loading the surface area could be strikingly decreased. This may be explained by the fact that after metal loading some portion was embedded into the pores of the supports, which could bring about the change of surface area and porosity of the catalyst .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…On the image of Figure S7F filamentous carbon deposition occurs on the surface of the used Ni/AB‐2 catalyst. On the other hand, the reaction of carbon support with steam at the reaction temperature can contribute to the structural destruction . In addition, after the reforming reaction, particle size of Ni increases principally distributing in 40 to 60 nm, which is because Ni particles sinter during the reaction process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of activated biochar supported Ni catalyst for enhancing toluene steam reforming

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Catalytic steam reforming of tar is considered to be an attractive pathway for tar removal and H 2 production in the modern world. In this study, activation of biochar (B) from pine wood pyrolysis was performed to boost its specific surface area and pore structure. The activated biochar (AB) was used as a catalyst support with the aim to enhance the catalytic activity. The catalytic reforming performance of toluene over Ni/AB catalyst was investigated, and the catalytic behavior of Ni/AB catalysts was compared with Ni/Al 2 O 3 and Ni/B. The effect of potassium hydroxide (KOH) to biochar ratio, Ni loading, reforming temperature, weight hourly space velocity and steam to carbon ratio(S/C) on the performance of Ni/AB catalysts were studied. The results showed that Ni/AB catalysts exhibited a superior catalytic activity for carbon conversion and H 2 production to Ni/B and Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalysts. In addition, high carbon conversion (86.2%) and H 2 production (64.3%) can be achieved with Ni/AB catalyst under the optimal operating conditions. Furthermore, in order to improve the stability of the Ni/AB catalyst, Ce was introduced to Ni/AB catalyst. According to stability tests, the H 2 concentration of Ni-Ce/AB catalysts was still higher than 2.24 mmol/min even after 20 hours reaction.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of activated biochar supported Ni catalyst for enhancing toluene steam reforming

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During impregnation, since some of the pores are filled, the char loses some of its surface area and active sites. This effect is specially remarkable when using AC as a catalyst support [101]. Additionally, care has to be placed during calcination as under certain conditions, this step can lead to significant modifications in the char structure.…”

Section: Use Of Char/activated Char As a Catalyst Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of gasification solid products as catalysts for tar reforming

Buentello-Montoya

Zhang

2019

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The presence of tars in syngas is a major technological constraint for upscaling biomass gasification to produce heat, power, and other value-added chemicals such as biofuels. At the same time, the solid remains from biomass gasification i.e. char and ashes, have capabilities to catalyse the reforming of gasification tars. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the relevance of gasification chars and ashes as catalysts for tar reforming. A description of the solid products from biomass gasification, their formation, chemical characteristics and potential applications is given. Additionally, a review of the state of the art of the uses of regular char, activated carbon and ashes as a catalyst for tar reforming is presented. Further, kinetics reported in literature, and the homogeneous and heterogeneous mechanisms for tar reforming over char are discussed and explained. From reviewing literature it was found that activated chars exhibit the best reforming capabilities, followed by regular char and ashes. Knowing the role of the interactions between the char and the tars is a key factor for optimization of char catalysts. Ultimately, this work provides guidance for understanding the uses of biomass solids as catalysts for tar reforming, and aid in future research to increase the economic feasibility of biomass gasification.

show abstract

“…12 The study also revealed that coal pyrolysis and volatile hydrogenation are the main steps in the hydrogasification process. 14,15 In addition, the presence of coal chars with porous structures, char-C materials with amorphous structures, and alkali and alkaline earth metallic species have been reported to affect the catalytic activity of coal char. On the other hand, the catalytic activity of the Ni─Ca system has been investigated for reducing heavy tar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coal has a high specific surface area and comprises oxygen-containing functional groups and acidic groups that facilitated the improved catalytic activity of tar decomposition. 14,15 In addition, the presence of coal chars with porous structures, char-C materials with amorphous structures, and alkali and alkaline earth metallic species have been reported to affect the catalytic activity of coal char. 16,17 Xu et al 18 had reported that Ni-char catalysts promote the production of light tar and also afford improved yield of the tar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Ni─Ca binary catalystic activities for production of light aromatics from catalytic pyrolysis of brown coal

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pyrolysis behavior of Ni─Ca-loaded Yunnan brown coals (Shi Caoxing [SCX] and Guo Jiashan [GJS]) was studied in a fixed-bed reactor to investigate the effects of Ni, Ca, and Ni─Ca loading on the yields of the obtained liquids and light aromatic hydrocarbons. Structural variations of the prepared coal chars were characterized by the scanning electron microscope-energy dispersion X-ray, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, and elemental analysis. The effects of the Ni, Ca, and Ni─Ca loadings on the tar yield and upgradation of pyrolysis tar were evaluated. The results revealed that the use of the Ni─Ca catalyst affords improved yields of the liquid products and tar. Furthermore, the light hydrocarbon liquids contents in the coal tar was improved with the use of the Ni─Ca catalyst. The heavy components and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coal tar could be easy to convert into light hydrocarbon liquids (phenol, cresol, xylenols, and naphthalene) with the SCX brown coal pyrolysis. In contrast, the catalytic pyrolysis of GJS brown coal was inhibited by the Ni─Ca catalyst. The study revealed that the catalytic activity of the Ni─Ca catalyst greatly depends on the type of the coal substrate and was promoted or inhibited depending on the type of the brown coal. Highlights1. The content of light aromatic hydrocarbons is improved by Ni─Ca catalyst.2. The Ca promoter reacted with ash (S and Al) to form CaSO 4 , and CaAl 4 O 7 compounds.3. Phenols are the main components in the light aromatic hydrocarbons. 4. The catalytic activity of the Ni─Ca catalyst promoted or inhibited by coal rank.

show abstract

Catalytic reforming of toluene and naphthalene (model tar) by char supported nickel catalyst

Cited by 88 publications

References 33 publications

Development of activated biochar supported Ni catalyst for enhancing toluene steam reforming

Development of activated biochar supported Ni catalyst for enhancing toluene steam reforming

The use of gasification solid products as catalysts for tar reforming

Investigation of Ni─Ca binary catalystic activities for production of light aromatics from catalytic pyrolysis of brown coal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About