Catalytic Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds With Hydrazine in the Presence of Iron(iii) Chloride and Active Carbon

Hirashima, Tsuneaki; Manabe, Osamu

doi:10.1246/cl.1975.259

Cited by 59 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…34 An analogous compound 2 and model compounds 3 -7 were also synthesized from 0.005 mol of respective amino compounds: 1.64 g of 3¢-methyl-4¢-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 [35][36][37] (2), the 0.30 g of propylamine (3), the 0.47 g of aniline (4), the 0.66 g of 2-anisidine (5), the 0.66 g of 4-anisidine (6), and the 0.77 g of 2,4-dimethoxyaniline (7).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New “Off-On” Responsible Fluoroionophores for Alkaline Earth Metal Ions Based on Benzo-15-crown-5 Bearing 9-Phenanthreneacetamide

et al. 2009

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The photochemical behaviors of a series of 9-phenanthreneacetamide (PA) derivatives were investigated using UV, fluorescence, and 1 H-NMR spectroscopy in acetonitrile solutions. To apply the electron transfer (ET) action of PA as a detecting moiety of chemosensors, 4¢-(9-phenanthreneacetamido)-benzo-15-crown-5 (1) and 3¢-methyl-4¢-(9-phenanthreneacetamido)-benzo-15-crown-5 (2) were synthesized. After metal ion complex formation, the fluorescence intensity increased with increased concentration of the guest alkaline earth metal ions. The photochemical responses of the fluorescence intensity, as defined by the fluorescence intensity ratio (Imax/I0) between free and complex of 1 for Ca 2+ , was determined to be 4.76. However, the addition of guest ions in a solution of 2 greatly enhanced the fluorescence intensity of 2. The Imax/I0 of 2 was 16.6 for Ca 2+. The efficiency of ET of PA can be tuned by adding an electron-donating group onto a suitable position; fluorescent 2 was able to read out metal ions as an "Off-On" fluorescence signal.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New “Off-On” Responsible Fluoroionophores for Alkaline Earth Metal Ions Based on Benzo-15-crown-5 Bearing 9-Phenanthreneacetamide

et al. 2009

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“…The reduction has also been reported on carbon activated with FeCl 3 or by the presence of nitrate ion. 167,171 Oxidized carbons have also been used as catalysts and the reported yields are lower than those obtained with graphite. 168 More recent reports showed that the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by hydrazine is catalyzed by carbon blacks (e.g.…”

Section: Reduction Of Nitrobenzene By Hydrazinementioning

confidence: 99%

Create a Consortium and Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal

Rusinko¹,

Andrésen²,

Hill³

et al. 2006

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The objective of these projects was to investigate alternative technologies for non-fuel uses of coal. Special emphasis was placed on developing premium carbon products from coal-derived feedstocks. A total of 14 projects, which are the 2003 Research Projects, are reported herein. These projects were categorized into three overall objectives. They are:(1) To explore new applications for the use of anthracite in order to improve its marketability; (2) To effectively minimize environmental damage caused by mercury emissions, CO 2 emissions, and coal impounds; and (3) To continue to increase our understanding of coal properties and establish coal usage in non-fuel industries.Research was completed in laboratories throughout the United States. Most research was performed on a bench-scale level with the intent of scaling up if preliminary tests proved successful.These projects resulted in many potential applications for coal-derived feedstocks. These include:• Use of anthracite as a sorbent to capture CO 2 emissions • Use of anthracite-based carbon as a catalyst • Use of processed anthracite in carbon electrodes and carbon black • Use of raw coal refuse for producing activated carbon • Reusable PACs to recycle captured mercury • Use of combustion and gasification chars to capture mercury from coal-fired power plants • Development of a synthetic coal tar enamel • Use of alternative binder pitches in aluminum anodes • Use of Solvent Extracted Carbon Ore (SECO) to fuel a carbon fuel cell • Production of a low cost coal-derived turbostratic carbon powder for structural applications • Production of high-value carbon fibers and foams via the co-processing of a low-cost coal extract pitch with well-dispersed carbon nanotubes • Use of carbon from fly ash as metallurgical carbon • Production of bulk carbon fiber for concrete reinforcement • Characterizing coal solvent extraction processes Although some of the projects funded did not meet their original goals, the overall objectives of the CPCPC were completed as many new applications for coal-derived feedstocks have been researched. Future research in many of these areas is necessary before implementation into industry. Potential Application for Exfoliated Anthracite: Filler in CathodesThe Pennsylvania State University -Subcontract # 2486-TPSU-DOE-0350…………….19 Use of Coal Gasification and Combustion Chars for Mercury CaptureThe Pennsylvania State University -Subcontract # 2482-TPSU-DOE-0350…………….46 Binding Efficiency of Coal-Derived Binders Towards Anode ButtsThe EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe objective of these projects was to investigate alternative technologies for non-fuel uses of coal. Special emphasis was placed on developing premium carbon products from coal-derived feedstocks. A total of 14 projects, which are the 2003 Research Projects, are reported herein. These projects were categorized into three overall objectives. They are:(1) To explore new applications for the use of anthracite in order to improve its marketability; (2) To effectively minimize environmenta...

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“…A few workers examined the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to corresponding aniline over activated carbon or graphite in the presence of iron chloride [9,10]. Good yields of aniline products (> 90%) were obtained for several nitro substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and oxygen-doped metal-free carbon catalysts for chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, styrene, and 3-nitrostyrene with hydrazine

Fujita

Watanabe

Katagiri

et al. 2014

Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical

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An activated carbon (AC) was treated by hydrogen peroxide and ammonia to dope oxygen and nitrogen on its surface. The surface-functionalized AC catalysts were used for the transfer reduction of nitrobenzene, styrene, and 3-nitrostyrene by hydrazine hydrate. The reduction of nitrobenzene and 3-nitrostyrene was promoted over the oxygen-and nitrogen-doped catalysts compared to the parent AC catalyst. Those were less active for the reduction of styrene but active for the reduction of vinyl group of 3-nitrostyrene. However, the nitrogen dopant suppressed the reduction of vinyl group of 3-vinylaniline. The functionalized AC catalysts are likely to facilitate the adsorption and activation of nitro group of the nitro substrates through interactions with polarized surface induced by the oxygen and nitrogen hetero dopants. This should make it possible to reduce the vinyl group of 3-nitrostyrene on the surface. The nitrogen dopant hindered the reduction of the vinyl group of 3-vinylaniline because the adsorption through its amino group should become difficult on the surface of basic nature induced by the nitrogen doping. The AC serves as an electrical conductor and its performance should be enhanced by the surface functionalization and this would contribute to the formation of reducing species such as diimide and proton from hydrazine on the surface.The present results show that oxygen-and/or nitrogen-doped, functionalized carbon materials could be promising as metal-free multi-task catalysts.

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Catalytic Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds With Hydrazine in the Presence of Iron(iii) Chloride and Active Carbon

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

New “Off-On” Responsible Fluoroionophores for Alkaline Earth Metal Ions Based on Benzo-15-crown-5 Bearing 9-Phenanthreneacetamide

New “Off-On” Responsible Fluoroionophores for Alkaline Earth Metal Ions Based on Benzo-15-crown-5 Bearing 9-Phenanthreneacetamide

Create a Consortium and Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal

Nitrogen and oxygen-doped metal-free carbon catalysts for chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, styrene, and 3-nitrostyrene with hydrazine

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