Catalytic pyrolysis and flame retardancy of epoxy resins with solid acid boron phosphate

Synthesis of a novel PEPA-substituted polyphosphoramide with high char residues and its performance as an intumescent flame retardant for epoxy resins

“…The peaks at 3015, 1605, and 1508 cm À1 are typical absorption bands of aromatic compounds. The broad peak at 1763 cm À1 confirms the presence of acetone [58]. Two absorption bands at 1255 and 1187 cm À1 may be attributed to ether compounds.…”

“…10 and 11, peaks at around 3648, 3015, 1763, 1605, 1508, 1255, and 1187 cm À1 can be clearly discerned. The peak at 3648 cm À1 may be assigned to the absorption of free hydroxyl groups originating from water, phenol, or bisphenol A during the initial degradation [57,58]. The peaks at 3015, 1605, and 1508 cm À1 are typical absorption bands of aromatic compounds.…”

Flame retardancy and thermal degradation mechanism of epoxy resins composites based on a PEPA-substituted polyphosphoramide

“…The fomulation of the EP/PSA composites were listed in Table 1. 3 . Pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) was conducted with a Govmark MCC-2 pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter according to ASTM D 7309.…”

“…Therefore, improving the flame retardancy of EP is very important and necessary. In the past decades, halogenated flame retardants were regarded as the most efficient additive to improving the flame retardancy of EP [3]. Nevertheless, with the in-depth research, halogen-containing systems generated large amount of toxic and corrosive gases during combustion.…”

Catalyzing charring effect of solid acid boron phosphate on dipentaerythritol during the thermal degradation and combustion

“…It has been used in different polymers such as polypropylene [23], polyimide [24] and polyurethane [25] as flame retardants. In our previous work, BP is used as charring catalyst in the epoxy resins system and has a strong catalysis in the degradation of epoxy resins due to the existence of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites which can accelerate the dehydration and esterification of hydroxyl in epoxy resins [26]. Based on our previous work, we suspect that BP may be attempted to present in IFR systems as a new highly effective acid source.…”