Catalytic Ozonation of Ciprofloxacin with Cu–Al Layered Double Hydroxides Based on Response Surface Analysis

Degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution using ozone microbubbles: spectroscopic, kinetics, and antibacterial analysis

“…This result suggests that OC was not efficiently decomposed in the ozone treatment [ 66 ], while CIP degraded through a large number of intermediates which were easily attacked directly by ozone. Such results were previously reported before in several studies [ 21 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ].

Figure 5 (A) The removal of OC (left panel) and CIP (right panel) using the APO system and the FO system, and (B) the plot of C / C 0 of OC treated using the APO system (black squares) and the FO system (red circles) as a function of treatment time and the best fits of single exponential function.

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“…This result suggests that OC was not efficiently decomposed in the ozone treatment [66], while CIP degraded through a large number of intermediates which were easily attacked directly by ozone. Such results were previously reported before in several studies [21,66,67,68,69]. A plot of C/C 0 of OC as a function of treatment time t is shown in Figure 5b, revealing that concentration of OC decreased nonlinearly, which is similar to CIP.…”

Diazinon and MCPA photo-reduction with sulfite excitation under UV irradiation and reducing agents’ generation

“…Also, EPA reports the maximum acceptable concentration in drinking water for MCPA toxin 0.1 μg L −1 . There are several methods for removal of organic and inorganic contaminants such as precipitation [ 13 ], electrochemical [ 14 ], hydrogels [ 15 , 16 ],adsorption [ 17 , 18 ], advanced oxidation processes [ 13 , 19 , 20 ], advanced reduction processes [ [21] , [22] , [23] ], and Ozon/H 2 O 2 [ 24 , 25 ] have been performed [ 26 ]. For persistent organic pollutants (POPs) removal and to enhance treatment, Advanced Oxidation and Reduction processes are effective methods [ 27 , 28 ].…”