Catalytic Oxidation of Dopamine at a Nickel Hexacyanoferrate Surface Modified Graphite Wax Composite Electrode Coated with Nafion

Abstract

A chemically modified electrode was successfully fabricated by means of depositing a thin layer of nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) on an amine adsorbed graphite paraffin wax composite electrode using a new approach. The electrode was further coated with Nafion. The electrochemical characteristics of the modified electrode were studied using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The modified electrode catalyzed dopamine (DA) oxidation in the concentration range of 1.5 Â 10 À6 to 1.2 Â 10 À3 M without the interference from ascorbic acid (AA). A detection limit of 4.9 Â 10 À7 M was obtained for DA in the presence of AA with a correlation coefficient of 0.9972 based on S/N ¼ 3. Flow injection analysis was used for the determination of dopamine with excellent reproducible results. The analytical utility of the sensor was evaluated for detection of DA in urine.

Electrochemical fabrication of metallic nanostructured electrodes for electroanalytical applications

“…Other work in this field has been reported by Prabakar and coworkers 181 as well as Adekunle and coworkers, 67 where dopamine LODs were 0.49 mM at NiHCF films and 0.36 mM at Fe 2 O 3 -coated SWNTs, respectively. Nitric oxide is another key biological analyte, and is known to function not only as a neurotransmitter but also to influence blood pressure regulation, control of platelet activity and is involved in various immune responses.…”

In situ Electrochemical Synthesis of a Composite Film Containing Nickel Hexacyanoferrate and Bentonite Clay for the Sensitive Determination of Acetaminophen and Dopamine

“…[25]. DA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine) is a major catecholamine neurotransmitter and plays a significant role in the proper functioning of central nervous, cardiovascular, and hormonal systems [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Low levels of DA may be related to neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and HIV infection [33,34].…”

In situ precipitation of Nickel-hexacyanoferrate within multi-walled carbon nanotube modified electrode and its selective hydrazine electrocatalysis in physiological pH

“…Nickel-hexacyanoferrate (Ni-NCFe) is a mixed-valent inorganic polymer analogue from Prussian blue (PB) family [4], having zeolite type of macro-molecular crystal structures [4,5], useful for various technological applications [6][7][8], including electro-chemical and -biochemical sensing of small molecules viz., hydrazine [9,10], hydrogen peroxide [11,12], dopamine [13,14], nitric oxide [15] and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) [16,17], which in turn led to dehydrogenase enzyme-coupled biosensors [18]. Ni-NCFe and other PB analogues have strong alkali metal-ion dependent property and the naked compounds disintegrate at pH > 4 [6][7][8][19][20][21][22].…”