Catalytic investigation of PtPd and titanium oxide-loaded reduced graphene oxide for enhanced formic acid electrooxidation

Promsawan, Napapha; Uppamahai, Supawadee; Themsirimongkon, Suwaphid; Inceesungvorn, Burapat; Waenkaew, Paralee; Ounnunkad, Kontad; Saipanya, Surin

doi:10.1007/s11051-018-4343-y

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Our catalyst also compares favorably to related nanostructured catalyst designs (see Table S1) both in the absence and presence of illumination. 3,4,[6][7][8][9]16,32,58 Additionally, the I direct /I backward ratio increased from 0.3 in the absence of light to 0.98 in the presence of light (3.2-fold). The improvements upon illumination are attributed to the photocatalytic activity of the TiO 2 nanospike support.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The Pt-Pd@CF and Pt-Pd-TiO 2 @CF electrodes as well as the commercial Pt-C (Figure S10A) exhibited the typical CV of a clean polycrystalline Pt surface and showed well-defined peaks for hydrogen adsorption/desorption (between −0.2 and 0.2 V) and a broad Pt oxidation peak (between 0.6 and 1.2 V), which is coupled with a reduction peak around 0.4 V, and increased in intensity under illumination. 3,[7][8][9]16,32,58 The ECSA of these electrodes was estimated using the associated charge of the hydrogen desorption peak using the standard value 0.21 mC/cm 2 . 2,18 Interestingly, the Pt-Pd-TiO 2 @CF electrode (ECSA, ∼6.38 m 2 ) showed a 7.5 times higher Pt surface compared to the Pt-Pd@CF electrode (ECSA, ∼0.85 m 2 ), highlighting the essential role of the strongly roughened TiO 2 layer in decreasing the average particles size of the deposited Pt particles together with improving their distribution and increasing the overall number of active surface sites.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pt-TiO 2 composites have been prepared by several approaches, including the sol–gel technique, photochemical deposition, precipitation, sputtering, atomic layer deposition and electrodeposition. − When choosing a synthesis method, it is important to keep its limitations in mind. For instance, electrodeposition is restricted to conducting substrates and often lacks conformity, gas-phase depositions require atmospheric control and complex instrumentation, sputtering is unable to coat complex-shaped substrates due to shadowing, and high-temperature syntheses put thermal strain on the device or substrate to be modified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conformal Solution Deposition of Pt-Pd Titania Nanocomposite Coatings for Light-Assisted Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

Muench

El‐Nagar

Tichter

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Many nanofabrication processes require sophisticated equipment, elevated temperature, vacuum or specific atmospheric conditions, templates, and exotic chemicals, which severely hamper their implementation in real-world applications. In this study, we outline a fully wet-chemical procedure for equipping a 3D carbon felt (CF) substrate with a multifunctional, titania nanospike-supported Pt-Pd nanoparticle (Pt-Pd-TiO2@CF) layer in a facile and scalable manner. The nanostructure, composition, chemical speciation, and formation of the material was meticulously investigated, evidencing the conformal coating of the substrate with a roughened layer of nanocrystalline rutile spikes by chemical bath deposition from Ti3+ solutions. The spikes are densely covered by bimetallic nanoparticles of 4.4 ± 1.1 nm in size, which were produced by autocatalytic Pt deposition onto Pd seeds introduced by Sn2+ ionic layer adsorption and reaction. The as-synthesized nanocomposite was applied to the (photo)electro-oxidation of formic acid (FA), exhibiting a superior performance compared to Pt-plated, Pd-seeded CF (Pt-Pd@CF) and commercial Pt-C, indicating the promoting electrocatalytic role of the TiO2 support. Upon UV–Vis illumination, the performance of the Pt-Pd-TiO2@CF electrode is remarkably increased (22-fold), generating a current density of 110 mA cm–2, distinctly outperforming titania-free Pt-Pd@CF (5 mA cm–2) and commercial Pt-C (6 mA cm–2) reference catalysts. In addition, the Pt-Pd-TiO2@CF showed a much better stability, characterized by a very high poisoning tolerance for in situ-generated CO intermediates, whose formation is hindered in the presence of TiO2. This overall performance boost is attributed to a dual enhancement mechanism (∼30% electrocatalytic and ∼70% photoelectrocatalytic). The photogenerated electrons from the TiO2 conduction band enrich the electron density of the Pt nanoparticles, promoting the generation of active oxygen species on their surfaces from adsorbed oxygen and water molecules, which facilitate the direct FA electro-oxidation into CO2.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conformal Solution Deposition of Pt-Pd Titania Nanocomposite Coatings for Light-Assisted Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

Muench

El‐Nagar

Tichter

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“… 21 Most studies have confirmed that Pd metal shows considerably higher catalytic activity for formic acid oxidation than Pt metal. 4 , 12 , 18 , 19 However, the main problems of Pd nanoparticle aggregation and the gathering of intermediates on the Pd surfaces through the oxidation of formic acid were observed. 4 , 18 , 19 The loading of Pd onto metal oxide-modified carbon could improve the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst and increase the catalyst dispersion due to the high active surface area and porous catalyst structure, thereby preventing catalyst nanoparticle agglomeration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 4 , 12 , 18 , 19 However, the main problems of Pd nanoparticle aggregation and the gathering of intermediates on the Pd surfaces through the oxidation of formic acid were observed. 4 , 18 , 19 The loading of Pd onto metal oxide-modified carbon could improve the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst and increase the catalyst dispersion due to the high active surface area and porous catalyst structure, thereby preventing catalyst nanoparticle agglomeration. To improve its stability, Pd-based catalysts and SiO 2 were prepared, and the prepared Pd-based catalyst was stated to have better activity and higher stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyst Composites of Palladium and N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots-Decorated Silica and Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhancement of Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

et al. 2022

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Pd-based catalysts consisting of Pd nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) modified silica (SiO 2 ) and reduced graphene oxide have been synthesized through reduction for use as catalysts for improved formic acid oxidation. The structure, morphology, chemical composition, functional groups, and porosity of the synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) spectroscopy, respectively. Their electrocatalytic activities were also evaluated by electrochemical measurements. The differences in the average particle sizes found for Pd/N-CQDs-SiO 2 -rGO, Pd/N-CQDs-rGO, and Pd/rGO were 4.81, 5.56, and 6.31 nm, respectively. It was also found that the Pd/ x N-CQDs-SiO 2 - y rGO composite catalysts (where x and y is 1 to 4) can significantly improve the activity and stability toward formic acid electrooxidation compared with Pd/rGO and commercial Pt/C. The mass activities of Pd/N-CQDs-SiO 2 -rGO, Pd/N-CQDs-rGO, and Pd/rGO were 951.4, 607.8, and 157.6 mA g –1 , respectively, which was ca. 6–7 times compared with Pd/rGO and approximately 3–4 times compared with commercial Pt/C. With low potential for CO oxidation and high current intensity, the composites of rGO, SiO 2 , and N-CQDs into Pd-based catalysts improved the catalytic activity of the prepared catalyst for the oxidation of formic acid in acidic media. The value of the Tafel slope designated that the chief path of the prepared catalysts is the dehydrogenation process. These prepared catalysts exhibit promise toward the development of high-performance Pd-based electrocatalysts for formic acid oxidation.

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PtPd catalysts dispersed on coal-based nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for formic acid electro-oxidation

Wu,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Ionics

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Catalytic investigation of PtPd and titanium oxide-loaded reduced graphene oxide for enhanced formic acid electrooxidation

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Conformal Solution Deposition of Pt-Pd Titania Nanocomposite Coatings for Light-Assisted Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

Conformal Solution Deposition of Pt-Pd Titania Nanocomposite Coatings for Light-Assisted Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

Catalyst Composites of Palladium and N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots-Decorated Silica and Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhancement of Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

PtPd catalysts dispersed on coal-based nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for formic acid electro-oxidation

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