Catalytic Hydrogenation of Olefinic Compounds

The Addition of Hydrogen to Multiple Carbon-Carbon Bonds.

“…It is difficult to account for these discrepancies when of catalyst was used by different workers. A part of the trouble may be found in the difficulties of analyzing the mixtures, and another source of error may be in the age of the catalyst, as Farmer and Galley (95) found that a sample of the Adams catalyst which had been used once or twice gave a larger proportion of stepwise hydrogenation than did a fresh sample.…”

“…Because the activity of many catalysts is greatly affected by small traces of impurities, acting as promoters or poisons, and varies from batch to batch, there are many discrepancies between the results of different workers, and a certain amount of caution must be exercised in evaluating literature data. Furthermore, many catalysts age on standing (95,321) or show varying amounts of fatigue in a reaction (309), so that they no longer give the same results as when fresh, and this has also been a fruitful source of contradictions.…”

Determination of Unsaturation by Catalytic Hydrogenation.

“…In this example the slopes are less than for the reduction of the C-5 ring in indene, probably indicating that the carbon atoms connected by double bonds are more highly substituted. This differentation of olefins by determining the rate of hydrogenation has been observed earlier and used with limited success by Lebedev and other workers (6,9,10,15,16).…”

“…A major advance in this area in recent years has been the use of acid catalysis with emphasis on HCIO4 (4). This method which proceeds more rapidly than the previous ones and is carried out at room temperature has been used for alcohols (4), phenols, thiols, and amines (5), ketoximes and vic-dioximes (9), alkoxysilanes (7), mercaptosilanes (1), and micro analysis of hydroxyl group (10). The principal disadvantages of the HCICh-acetic anhydride method are its inability to be used at elevated temperatures, potential hazard if carelessly used, and color formation with time.…”

Ambient hydrogenation of solid aromatics enabled by a high entropy alloy nanocatalyst

“…The catalytic hydrogenation reaction has significant applications in the energy, chemistry, and pharmaceutical industries 1 – 3 . For example, chemical products such as alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, and amines are usually synthesized by hydrogenating –C = C–, –C ≡ C–, –C = O, –NO 2 , and –COOH functional groups containing unsaturated bonds 4 – 8 .…”