Catalytic hydrocracking of Kapuk seed oil (Ceiba pentandra) to produce biofuel using Zn-Mo supported HZSM-5 catalyst

Zn-Mo/HZSM-5 Catalyst for Gasoil Range Hydrocarbon Production by Catalytic Hydrocracking of Ceiba pentandra oil

“…Furthermore, the Zn-Mo/HZSM-5 catalysts has been presented in previous studies [21]. By energy dispersive X-ray, the metals content was 3.25 wt.% of Zinc and 6.34 wt.% of Mo of the total catalyst weight.…”

“…Ceiba pentandra oil contains unsaturated fatty acids in the form of linoleic acid (C18:2) and palmitic acid (C16:0) were 78.85 % and 21.12 % as a majority composition [21]. Ceiba pentandra oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with chromatogram as in the previous study [22].…”

“…Ceiba pentandra oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with chromatogram as in the previous study [22].…”

“…The H-type ZSM-5 was obtained by simply calcining the as-prepared sample at 550 o C for 5 h and named as HZSM-5 as reported by the previous study [21][22][23]. The sample of HZSM-5 was modified by designed concentration of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O aqueous solution with incipient wetness impregnation method [24].…”

“…The catalyst sample was dried in the oven for 12 h at 120 o C. The sample is named as ZincHz. Thus, Mo was loaded on the ZincHz catalyst by impregnation while stirring using a magnetic stirrer at 30 o C for 3 h. The sample was kept and dried at 120 o C for 12 h. The catalyst was calcined for 5 hours with air flowed at 400 o C. Therefore, the process of reduction was conducted for 3 hours with the flow of H2 gas at a temperature of 450 o C, as reported in previous study [21][22][23].…”